Within President Trump's Executive Order 14187, "Protecting Children from Chemical and Surgical Mutilation", was a directive. The Department of Health and Human Services had 90 days to conduct "a review of the existing literature on best practices for promoting the health of children who assert gender dysphoria, rapid-onset gender dysphoria, or other identity-based confusion". That report, which first came out on 1 May, 2025, was originally published anonymously, and without peer review due to time constraints. Many proponents of gender-affirming care ignored the report's important takeaways about science and medical ethics, and criticised it for the anonymity and lack of peer review. Today, the report has been re-released with peer reviews, responses, minor changes to the text, and the names of the authors revealed.