At the end of May, the California Air Resources Board extended the “Cap-and-Invest” program through 2045, with changes that allegedly provide a “long-term signal for the market.” CARB maintains the path toward the state’s 2030 and 2045 “climate targets,” while supporting “affordability for Californians by managing costs and maintaining a clear long-term signal for clean energy investment in the state.” If that leaves people confused, they might start with the climate targets. The “California Global Warming Solutions Act of 2006” fought “anthropogenic climate change” that had “led to higher overall worldwide temperatures, reduced snowpack in the higher elevations, greater fluctuations of temperature and precipitation, global sea level rise and more frequent and severe extreme weather events,” and so on. The Act gave no sense that these issues were a matter of debate.  In Unsettled: What Climate Science Tells Us, What it Doesn’t, and Why It Matters, Steve Koonin shows that the catastrophic prophecies of “global warming” have gone unfulfilled. California policy shows no recognition of this reality. The state targets carbon dioxide, a naturally occurring gas.  The “Cap-and-Trade” program, now called “Cap and Invest,” places a “cap” on businesses CARB deems “polluters” and responsible for most of the state’s “greenhouse gas” emissions. Companies can purchase allowances or “trade” them with entities that have allegedly cut their emissions. Trouble is, CARB regulations do not cover foreign energy importers, and that creates a problem for the state’s oil and gas refiners. CARB’s proposed amendments would revise offset limits, establish an emissions containment reserve, and shift free allowance allocations from gas companies to electric utilities. CARB’s proposed amendments would revise offset limits, establish an emissions containment reserve, and shift free allowance allocations from gas companies to electric utilities. Jodie Muller of the Western States Petroleum Association called that “a move in the right direction,” but California refineries “need long-term certainty to make the investments that keep energy reliable and affordable for consumers.”  Two refineries recently ceased operations, and the state’s seven remaining refineries will be watching. As they face looming shutdowns, Californians might recall some realities about CARB, whose primary target is the people.  Prime mover Mary Nichols, a lawyer, not a scientist, has been touting $5-a-gallon gas since the 1990s. Nichols kept on staff Hien Tran, who claimed to have earned a PhD in statistics from UC Davis, when it was actually from a diploma mill in a New York City UPS office.  Tran authored “Methodology for Estimating Premature Deaths Associated with Long-term Exposure to Fine Airborne Particulate Matter in California.” This report was the basis for new regulations to severely restrict trucking and heavy machinery in California.  Legitimate scholars called the report flawed, but Nichols shrugged off the fakery as “a very annoying distraction.” Tran was suspended and demoted, but CARB kept him on staff. If anybody called for Nichols’s resignation, nothing emerges in the record. True to form, CARB’s Southern California headquarters is the Mary D. Nichols Campus.  When politicians impose misguided policy, the people can remove them from office at the ballot box. That does not apply to CARB, an appointed body of political cronies in the style of the Coastal Commission. (RELATED: California Candidates Ignore Unelected Agencies) The people might wonder if they need an unelected body with an annual budget of $1.2 billion when the state also deploys the California Environmental Protection Agency (CalEPA) with a budget of $5.5 billion. The Golden State prefers to build bureaucracies instead of refineries, a dynamic that affects other states.  Last year, in response to refinery shutdowns in California, Nevada Governor Joe Lombardo announced “a coordinated initiative to strengthen Nevada’s fuel supply chain and reduce vulnerabilities to regional and national disruptions.” The governor’s state could be the key to a new plan.  The federal government owns more than 80 percent of Nevada. To reduce regional and national disruptions, President Trump should sell or lease federal land to oil and gas refiners. That could help provide the long-term energy certainty the people need.  California, meanwhile, remains at war with refiners. That will not change until reality replaces climate change superstition as the basis for public policy. READ MORE from Lloyd Billingsley: California Candidates Ignore Unelected Agencies Agents Double-0-COVID Bullet Train or Bay Bridge? Lloyd Billingsley is a policy fellow at the Independent Institute in Oakland, Calif. Image licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International.