Science Explorer
Science Explorer

Science Explorer

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On the ground or in the atmosphere? Swarm satellites help characterize and pinpoint destructive events
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phys.org

On the ground or in the atmosphere? Swarm satellites help characterize and pinpoint destructive events

When solar storms strike Earth, they can disrupt power grids, rail systems, satellites, and even marine life. These effects arise because solar wind and geomagnetic activity disturb the magnetosphere–ionosphere system, generating electric and magnetic field variations that can resemble fainter signals from natural hazards. This risk is not theoretical.

Space junk falls to Earth faster when sunspots peak, reshaping satellite collision forecasts
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Space junk falls to Earth faster when sunspots peak, reshaping satellite collision forecasts

Solar emissions exert 'drag' on space junk orbiting Earth. From historical measurements across a period of 36 years, researchers have now shown that space junk begins to fall down much faster once the sun's activity across the solar cycle reaches approximately 67% of its peak. This result, which is expected to hold for station-keeping satellites too, is important for better planning of space missions that avoid collisions.

Expert Explains Why Cruise Ships Are So Prone to Disease Outbreaks
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Expert Explains Why Cruise Ships Are So Prone to Disease Outbreaks

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What if the brain came first? Scientist rethinks the Cambrian Explosion
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What if the brain came first? Scientist rethinks the Cambrian Explosion

For decades, scientists have sought to explain the so-called "Cambrian Explosion," a pivotal period over 500 million years ago when a remarkable diversity of animal life appeared in the fossil record. But rather than a sudden burst of innovation, new research suggests this diversification was the result of a gradual, multi-stage process, driven in large part by the evolution of the brain.

A chemical failsafe can save crops from disease without crushing growth
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A chemical failsafe can save crops from disease without crushing growth

Salicylic acid, the active molecule in aspirin and some acne medications, is a hormone in plants that is essential for immunity, but it's a double-edged sword: Too much can cause autoimmunity and stunt growth. In a study published in Nature Communications, researchers at the University of California, Davis, have discovered that plants use a surprising multi-layered system to regulate salicylic acid levels and keep their immune system in check.