How waves and mixing drive coastal upwelling systems
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How waves and mixing drive coastal upwelling systems

They are among the most productive and biodiverse areas of the world's oceans: coastal upwelling regions along the eastern boundaries of the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. There‚ equatorward winds cause near-surface water to move away from the coast. This brings cold‚ nutrient-rich water from the depths to the surface‚ inducing the growth of phytoplankton and providing the basis for a rich marine ecosystem in these regions.