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The History of Wales, in a Nutshell
When talking about the history of the United Kingdom, England and Scotland tend to steal the spotlight. That’s a shame, because Wales, a land of stunning landscapes and rich cultural heritage, boasts a history that stretches back thousands of years. From evidence of Neanderthals during the prehistoric to Roman occupation and Medieval struggles for independence, Wales has been shaped by various forces and influences. To cover a nation’s entire proud history in one piece barely does it justice but this is a brief overview of the key periods and figures that have left a mark on the nation's identity.
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Like the rest of the United Kingdom, Wales’s fascinating history begins in prehistoric times, with evidence of early human habitation dating back to the Paleolithic era. A Neanderthal jawbone, found at the Bontnewydd Paleolithic site in the valley of the River Elwy shows early humans roamed the Welsh landscape around 230,000 years ago.
Slightly later, a red skeleton dyed in Red Ochre known as the Red Lady of Paviland was found in the Gower Peninsula’s Limestone caves in 1823. Actually believed to be the remains of an adolescent male, the Red Lady has been dated to the Upper-Paleolithic period, making him/her around 33,000 years old. This makes it the oldest known ceremonial burial in Europe.
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