One of the most important and‚ sadly‚ most overlooked survival essentials in any kind of situation is communications. Don’t get me wrong‚ it’s great to plan to keep yourself and your loved ones alive‚ but what you really need to do is reach out to people who can help you one way or another. emergency radios: UV5R‚ Motorolas‚ ClipJam‚ and Tecsun That help might be rescue‚ information‚ guidance‚ or just checking to see how bad things are in the next town over. Information is power‚ and the farther and quicker you can reach out to collect it or convey it‚ the better off you’ll be. The trick‚ of course‚ is maintaining communications when the grid goes down. A loss of power and destruction of infrastructure will probably take our phones and much of the internet offline. Luckily‚ you don’t have to depend on that. I’ll tell you about these tried and true grid-down alternative methods for communication below. several Motorola walkie-talkies Walkie Talkies You’ve seen these before. Sold at basically every outdoor store‚ department store‚ and truck stop in the nation‚ these simple‚ basic handheld radios are a little better than toys compared to some other options on our list‚ but they’ve got some utility. If you just need it to keep in touch with friends or family that are down the street‚ around the corner‚ or at a distant part of a larger property‚ these can work just fine‚ but any sort of obstacles or atmospheric interference will render them useless easily. Very cheap‚ but you get what you pay for. You’ll need plenty of batteries for them regardless‚ so stock up. CB Radio One of the best and most versatile options for grid-down communications is a CB radio‚ especially one installed in your vehicle that can make use of the onboard battery. Unlike other kinds of radio on our list‚ CB radio doesn’t require a license and is pretty straightforward to pick up and use. It only has a few channels‚ and in areas with large populations‚ the airwaves get uselessly clogged‚ but it’s still a great option especially if you plan on bugging out in your car or truck. The biggest downside is the limited range‚ typically under 5 miles even in good conditions with a decent antenna. FRS/GMRS Radio Family Radio Service and General Mobile Radio Service systems are a step up from CB and can offer slightly more range and capability. FRS radios don’t require a licensing as long as you follow all rules and regulations for its use‚ but GMRS radios‚ which are the better of the two‚ do require an FCC license – though it is much quicker and easier to get compared to a ham radio license. If you have a larger property‚ want better communications around your neighborhood or block‚ or are traveling in a vehicle and want to keep in touch with multiple folks in a convoy‚ both are good options and affordable for the performance that they offer. Baofeng radios are inexpensive‚ small‚ and capable of communicating over miles. Ham Radio Ham radio‚ or amateur radio‚ is probably the single best all-around off-grid communications method you can invest in. It offers the most capability without any dependence on technological infrastructure besides another radio set to receive and communicate back to you. Available in multiple formats‚ including handheld‚ vehicular‚ and base station‚ ranges can be extraordinary as long as you’ve got the know-how. With the right setup‚ you can reach out across the county‚ state‚ nation‚ or even the world&;#33; The trick is you’ll need to get licensed‚ and you really have to know what you are doing to pass those tests. Leveling up your license to General or Extra class will give you access to more powerful sets and more frequencies to use legally. Satellite Phone For straightforward communications capability‚ nothing beats a satellite phone‚ and chances are whatever is affecting you on the ground won’t touch those satellites floating safely up in orbit. Satellite phones broadly work like normal telephones‚ and as long as someone can receive a call and you have a current subscription with your device‚ you can reach out as long as your handset can make contact with the satellites. The downside of these devices is that they tend to be quite expensive‚ require a subscription as mentioned‚ and simply are not as versatile as radio. Satellite Messenger Think of a satellite messenger as sort of a satellite-based pager and text messenger. They use the same sort of infrastructure that satellite phones use to send text and simple data messages to other receiving units‚ and sometimes apps that can interact with other devices. These likewise require a subscription in order to function. If you don’t want to spend a pretty penny on a satellite phone‚ this can be a good intermediate choice. Obviously‚ these are not as quick or efficient to use compared to something that is voice-based‚ but whether or not that’s a good trade-off is really up to you and your preferences. Field Phone An oldie‚ but a goodie. The military and other organizations have used and still do today‚ in circumstances‚ rely on field phones‚ literally telephone sets that are connected by hand-laid wire. Relatively easy to connect and surprisingly robust‚ this is a wonderful way to connect multiple homes on a compound‚ a base station with a distant outpost or checkpoint‚ and other similar setups. These have a big advantage because they are difficult to eavesdrop on compared to radio. The downside is that the technology is pretty old-fashioned today‚ and you might have to do some scrounging to come up with the components to assemble your own when the time comes. signaling one’s position using fingers and improvised mirror Signal Mirror Every prepper worth the name is familiar with this piece of kit. Ostensibly used to signal to rescue planes and helicopters‚ or people on foot that are far away‚ you can use signal mirrors for basic communications with anyone as long as the sun is out. Using simple signals‚ prearranged codes‚ Morse code‚ and other methods‚ this works wonderfully as a hasty option or if you have long sight lines where you live. If you live in the middle of the Great Plains or on a ridgeline or mountaintop‚ this is definitely something you’ll want to keep in your bug out bag or EDC kit. Flares Sometimes communication only needs to be one way. One of the single most visible methods of signaling is pyrotechnic flares. Whether they are fired from a launcher or lit in hand and then placed on a surface or holder‚ these things can be seen for over a mile even in bad conditions. Again‚ like using a signal mirror‚ if you aren’t just trying to attract attention to yourself from anyone out there‚ it’s best to coordinate pre-arranged signals with friends‚ family‚ and members of your group. Panel Markers Another simple signal and one that all preppers should make use of‚ a brightly colored blanket‚ tarp‚ car cover‚ or anything similar that can be laid flat on the ground to signal to aerial vehicles‚ held up‚ or hung up on a pole or other surfaces. Works wonderfully for drawing attention to yourself or communicating pre-arranged signals with other people who might be looking for it. Morse Code You know what it is even if you don’t know how to use it. Morse code is one of the oldest and best alphabets of its type and can be employed with various other technologies‚ both auditory and visual. You can use Morse code to communicate over radio‚ or use it with a flashlight or even lights in your home to blink out messages. If you are stuck or trapped somewhere‚ you can use Morse code as an auditory signal by banging on something. The sky’s the limit‚ and though it is taking a backseat in emergency communications these days‚ it’s still well worth your time to learn if anyone else in your group knows it too. Semaphore Also known as flag code‚ this interesting method relies on two handheld flags with the arms being held at different positions to indicate letters and numbers‚ almost like the hands of a clock. Long used to communicate by ships at sea‚ this is another decent option if long sight lines are possible but conditions or intervening terrain make getting closer risky or impossible. The post 12 Alternatives to Communicate After the Grid Goes Down appeared first on Survival Sullivan.

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Have you thought about what you would do if your weekly trash pickup suddenly stopped&;#63; The accumulation of garbage could be a big problem. Another name for this is solid waste management. In this video‚ we will share some ideas that you may find helpful. It is important to think about this in advance and plan so you will be prepared to handle it. Check out these related videos The Scoop on Emergency Poop https://youtu.be/JpJXN-j-fWc Don't Let Crap Kill You https://youtu.be/ES6Mj8RhOB0 Emergency Sanitation - Hidden Deadly Disaster https://youtu.be/ExVH3bn_MOc Disaster Sanitation - Newbie Prep Step #3 https://youtu.be/uOHkbbo3oOs Visit TheProvidentPrepper.org Prepping for Basic Emergency Sanitation https://theprovidentprepper.org/prepping-for-basic-emergency-sanitation/ Emergency Sanitation for Our Little Loved Ones https://theprovidentprepper.org/emergency-sanitation-for-our-little-loved-ones/ Crisis Laundry Management https://theprovidentprepper.org/crisis-laundry-management/ Disasters Literally Stink: How to Tame the Stench&;#33; https://theprovidentprepper.org/disasters-literally-stink-how-to-tame-the-stench/ No Toilet Paper&;#63; No Problem&;#33; 14 Emergency Alternatives https://theprovidentprepper.org/no-toilet-paper-no-problem-14-emergency-alternatives/ Action Plan – Sanitation https://theprovidentprepper.org/the-provident-prepper/action-plan-sanitation/ Thanks for being part of the solution&;#33;

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The Search for Life in our Solar System leads seekers to strange places. From our Earthbound viewpoint‚ an ice-covered moon orbiting a gas giant far from the Sun can seem like a strange place to search for life. But underneath all that ice sits a vast ocean. Despite the huge distance between the moon and the Sun and despite the thick ice cap‚ the water is warm. Of course‚ we’re talking about Enceladus‚ and its warm‚ salty ocean—so similar to Earth’s in some respects—takes some of the strangeness away. Enceladus is Saturn’s sixth-largest moon‚ and the Cassini spacecraft observed it during its mission to the Saturn system. Scientists discovered that plumes of water originating from Enceladus’ southern region are responsible for one of Saturn’s rings. They also discovered that the water is salty. Any place we find warm‚ salty water attracts our immediate attention‚ even when it’s covered by kilometres of ice and is 1.5 billion kilometres away from the life-giving Sun. There’s lots of talk about a future mission to Enceladus to explore the moon and its potentially life-supporting ocean in more detail. But until then‚ scientists are working with their current data‚ and using models and simulations to understand the moon better. Enceladus’ most defining surface features are its Tiger Stripes. They’re four parallel‚ linear depressions on the moon’s surface about 130 km long‚ 2 km wide‚ and 500 meters deep. They have higher temperatures than their surroundings‚ indicating that cryovolcanism is active. The stripes are the source of Enceladus’ plumes. Geysers erupt from Enceladus’ Tiger Stripes in this image from the Cassini spacecraft. Image Credit: By NASA/JPL/SSI – http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/cassini/multimedia/pia11688.html‚ Public Domain‚ https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php&;#63;curid=15592605 New research suggests that strike-slip faults at the moon’s prominent Tiger Stripe features allow plumes of water from Enceladus to escape into space. It’s published in Nature Geoscience and titled “Jet activity on Enceladus linked to tidally driven strike-slip motion along tiger stripes.” The lead author is Alexander Berne‚ a doctoral candidate in Geophysics at the California Institute of Technology. The plumes above the Tiger Stripes aren’t stable and continuous. They wax and wane as the moon follows its 33-hour orbit around Saturn. Tidal heating keeps the moon’s water in liquid form‚ and according to the researchers‚ the same tidal forces are responsible for the intermittent plumes. Theory shows that tidal forces open and close faults at the Tiger Stripes like an elevator door‚ and that turns the plumes on and off. However‚ those theories can’t accurately predict the timing of the plumes’ peak brightness. They also show that tidal forcing alone doesn’t provide enough energy to open and close the faults. This research digs deeper into the question and provides an answer. The authors say that rather than acting like an elevator door‚ strike-slip faults at the Tiger Stripes open and close to regulate plume activity. This is similar to what happens on Earth in places like the San Andreas Fault. It’s a strike-slip fault where one side shears past the other‚ causing Earthquakes. The critical part of this is that strike-slip faults require less energy than the elevator opening and closing scenario. Models are more effective as they’re fed more detailed and accurate data. Berne and his co-researchers built a numerical model that simulates the strike-skip faults on Enceladus. They included friction‚ compressional forces and shear forces. The numerical model showed the faults acting in concert with the changing plumes. This strongly suggests that Enceladus’ orbit and the tidal forces acting on the moon cause the strike-slip faults to open and close. This illustration from the research explains how strike-slip faults are responsible for the plumes erupting from Enceladus’ Tiger Stripes. As the moon orbits Saturn‚ tidal forces open and close the faults. Image Credit: Berne et al. 2024. The Tiger Stripes have bent sections that pull apart under strain. Since they’re bent‚ an opening appears as they slide. The plumes come from these openings. The research team’s work and previous research into the Tiger Stripes by NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory both support the idea that the plumes come from these strike-slip faults. “We now appear to have both geologic and geophysical reasons to suspect that jet activity occurs at pull-aparts along Enceladus’s tiger stripes‚” said lead author Berne. This figure from the research shows the degree of displacement and slip at the Tiger Stripe faults at two different points in Enceladus’ orbit. Image Credit: Berne et al. 2024. Enceladus gets most of its attention because of its potential to support life. The plumes themselves aren’t part of what life needs‚ but they’re a window into the moon’s potential habitability. “For life to evolve‚ the conditions for habitability have to be right for a long time‚ not just an instant‚” said study co-author Mark Simons‚ Professor of Geophysics at Caltech. “On Enceladus‚ you need a long-lived ocean. Geophysical and geological observations can provide key constraints on the dynamics of the core and the crust as well as the extent to which these processes have been active over time.” There’s a lot more work to be done to understand Enceladus. On Earth‚ satellites can monitor the movement at strike-slip faults and use it to better understand Earthquakes. Once we get a spacecraft to Enceladus‚ it could do the same. “Detailed measurements of motion along the tiger stripes are needed to confirm the hypotheses laid out in our work‚” Berne says. “For instance‚ we now have the capacity to image fault slip‚ such as earthquakes‚ on Earth using radar measurements from satellites in orbit. Applying these methods at Enceladus should allow us to better understand the transport of material from the ocean to the surface‚ the thickness of the ice crust‚ and the long-term conditions which may enable life to form and evolve on Enceladus.” When we get a spacecraft to Enceladus‚ it can monitor the faults and jets over multiple orbits. That will allow researchers to test their predictions. “These observations could provide key constraints on the mechanical nature of the crust‚ tidal controls on jet activity and the evolution of the south polar terrain‚” the authors conclude. The post Enceladus’s Fault Lines are Responsible for its Plumes appeared first on Universe Today.

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