July 21 marked what would have been Robin Williams‘s 73rd birthday, and in honor of the bittersweet occasion, his son, Zachary Pym “Zak” Williams, took to social media to share a heartfelt tribute. In his message of remembrance, Zak reflected fondly on “the hope and joy” his famous father brought to countless people the world over. Comedy legend Robin Williams was 63 when he died after a long battle with anxiety, depression, and mounting paranoia. His autopsy found “diffuse Lewy body disease,” and his symptoms were consistent with Lewy body dementia. Since his father’s passing, Zak, 41, has worked in mental health advocacy, and his a co-founder and CEO at Prepare Your Mind (PYM), whose mission is “to provide safe, natural and effective mental hygiene products to promote self-care and end the stigma around mental health.” Here is how he is continuing to honor his father’s memory and legacy of joy amidst the pain. Zak Williams honors Robin on his 73rd heavenly birthday Dad, on what would be your 73rd birthday, I remember you for all the hope and joy you brought to the world. There's not a week that goes by without someone sharing with me how you helped them through a dark time or a rough patch. I'm so grateful to be your son. Love you forever. pic.twitter.com/RC0nzmorEV — Zak Williams (@zakwilliams) July 21, 2024 On July 21, Zak took to social media to share a tribute to Robin Williams just in time for the Mrs. Doubtfire star’s 73rd heavenly birthday. “Dad, on what would be your 73rd birthday, I remember you for all the hope and joy you brought to the world,” he captioned his post. RELATED: Zelda Williams Shares Hilarious Candid Photos Of Her Late Father, Robin Williams Zak continued, “There’s not a week that goes by without someone sharing with me how you helped them through a dark time or a rough patch. I’m so grateful to be your son. Love you forever.” His post is accompanied by a black-and-white photo of Williams sitting with his legs crossed in a meditative pose, fingers carefully folded and resting on his knees. As he has been seen so often in the past, in the photo, Williams appears to be smiling as he rests in front of a couch laden with various props. Devotion to a worthy cause Zak Williams mourned and celebrated his father Robin on his 73rd heavenly birthday / Instagram Zak, born in 1983, is Williams’s son with Valerie Velardi. The two met in ’76, back when he was working as a bartender at a San Francisco tavern, just two years before he secured national attention thanks to ABC’s Mork & Mindy, which ran from 1978 to 1982. Williams and Velardi separated in 1988. He is half-brother to Zelda, born in 1989 and named after the famous Nintendo series, The Legend of Zelda; she is the daughter of Marsha Garces, who Williams was with from ’89 to 2010. They also had son Cody Alan Williams, born in 2008. Throughout his private mental health battles, Williams always took great pride in his children, each of whom he was “so proud of them in different ways,” he told the Today show in 2009, adding in his characteristic way, “Have they always been cherubs? No, but that’s been part of the process.” Williams suffered from depression / © Sony Pictures / courtesy Everett Collection Just as Williams harbored pride in each of them, they each honor his legacy in their own ways, with Zak devoted to mental health awareness. “I never set out to be an advocate,” he told Forbes, “but it just so happened I found that service was very healing for my trauma.” He went on to explain, “Through my healing journey, I discovered that learning about the systems and interventions relating to mental health support became part of a deeper mission around finding ways to better be of service to causes relating to mental health. The way in which I celebrate my dad’s legacy is trying to be a good dad, trying to be kind and considerate when and where possible, and figuring out opportunities to best be of service.” In fact, Zak was there when policymakers were rolling out the new 988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline, working with experts to understand the various updated features the new rollout would introduce and implement in the long term. He even worked with podcast network Lemonada Media on a four-part special outlining the service to provide transparency and normalcy to a valuable resource. He also launched the startup PYM, which he calls a mental hygiene company whose policy and products are all about helping others build the support system Zak used during his own battle with depression after his famous father’s passing. Happy birthday to Poppo, who definitely would’ve been out there fighting the good fight for art and artists today and always. pic.twitter.com/CNiirB3Qb9 — Zelda Williams (@zeldawilliams) July 21, 2023 When honoring her father for his birthday last year, Zelda put a spotlight on Robin’s own devotion to the arts and supporting those fighting for their due in the workplace. “Happy birthday to Poppo, who definitely would’ve been out there fighting the good fight for art and artists today and always,” she said in her own tribute post. At the same time, she also has a history of remaining transparent about the pain such occasions still bring to her and her family. “Everyone who has dealt with loss knows the pain of certain anniversaries, moments full of memory that come round like clockwork and usurp all others,” she penned, “no matter how hard you may try to prepare for or avoid them.” She continually promotes togetherness as a vital part of having a reliable support system, emphasizing, “Being together was the important thing, because otherwise, especially with people scattered to the wind with work, it became even more special to do that.” A poignant 73rd heavenly birthday to Robin Williams. Zelda / Xavier Collin/Image Press Agency RELATED: Robin Williams’ Daughter Zelda Honored Her Late Father On His Birthday By Giving Back Click for next Article The post Robin Williams’ Son Zak Pays Bittersweet Tribute To Father On 73rd Heavenly Birthday appeared first on DoYouRemember? - The Home of Nostalgia. Author, Dana Daly

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When protecting your loved ones, enhancing your defense strategy is not just important—it’s imperative. Start by thoroughly reinforcing your home’s security. Install high-quality locks and deadbolts on all doors and windows to make it significantly harder for intruders to gain access. Supplement these measures with security cameras and motion-sensor lights around your property. These additions act as both deterrents and tools for monitoring unusual activity, helping you stay informed and prepared. Next, focus on improving your situational awareness. This means being acutely aware of your surroundings at all times, whether you’re at home or in public. Developing this skill involves paying attention to details and noticing any changes or anomalies in your environment. By staying alert, you can identify potential threats before they escalate and take proactive steps to avoid them. Enhancing your personal defense skills is another crucial aspect. Enroll in self-defense classes that offer hands-on training and practical techniques. These classes will not only teach you how to defend yourself and your family but will also help build your confidence and improve your response time in various situations. Regular practice is essential to ensure that the skills you learn become ingrained and effective when you need them most. If firearms are part of your defense strategy, it’s vital to maintain and improve your shooting proficiency. Regular practice at the range will help you fine-tune your accuracy and ensure that you handle your firearm safely and effectively. Focus on drills that simulate real-life scenarios to enhance your quick response and decision-making abilities under pressure. Additionally, mental preparedness cannot be overlooked. Train yourself to remain calm and composed in high-stress situations. Engage in mental exercises and scenario simulations to build resilience and clarity during emergencies. This mental fortitude will help you make rational decisions and act decisively when faced with challenges. By implementing these comprehensive measures, you will establish a strong defense strategy that ensures you’re ready to protect your loved ones. Watch the video to learn detailed steps and techniques for leveling up your defense and enhancing your preparedness today. #LevelUpYourDefense #ProtectYourLovedOnes #SelfDefense #Training #HomeSecurity #SituationalAwareness #FirearmProficiency #MentalPreparedness #staysafe #SelfDefense #familyprotection Join this channel to get access to the perks: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCkxGMKFuXI_lf04NT5589Fw/join ? Note: While we encourage open discussions, please maintain a respectful and constructive tone in the comments. Using foul language or disrespectful behavior towards others will not be tolerated. GOD BLESS YOU ALL, AND GOD BLESS AMERICA. SUPPORT THE CHANNEL; PLEASE SEE THE LINKS BELOW: Buy a Coffee for the Frontier Preppers: https://ko-fi.com/frontierpreppers AMAZON STOREFRONT; ALSO WORKS FOR REGULAR SHOPPING: https://www.amazon.com/shop/frontierpreppers EMERGENCY SUPPLY OF ANTIBIOTICS FROM JASE MEDICAL: jasemedical.com/frontierpreppers FRONTIER PREPPERS SUBSCRIBERS THAT USE THE LINK ABOVE GET $10 OFF FRONTIER PREPPERS MERCH: https://my-store-cd2e94-2.creator-spring.com/ Contact us: EMAIL: FRONTIERPREPPERS@GMAIL.COM MAILING ADDRESS: P.O. BOX 80115 FAIRBANKS, ALASKA 99708 “As an Amazon Associate, I earn from qualifying purchases.” DISCLAIMER: ANYTHING I SHOW, DISCUSS, AND OR SHOWCASE ON THIS CHANNEL IS WHAT I DO AND HOW I DO OR FEEL ABOUT THINGS. YOU MUST REMEMBER TO DO YOUR RESEARCH AND DECIDE FOR YOURSELF IF WHAT YOU SEE OR HEAR ON THIS PLATFORM IS RIGHT YOU CAN. I AM NOT A FINANCIAL ADVISER, DOCTOR, ENGINEER, OR PROFESSIONAL OF ANY KIND. ALL I OFFER ARE IDEAS THAT YOU CAN DRAW FROM AND A BIT OF ENTERTAINMENT. THANK YOU, AND GOD BLESS.

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The field of extrasolar planet studies has grown exponentially in the past twenty years. Thanks to missions like Kepler, the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS), and other dedicated observatories, astronomers have confirmed 5,690 exoplanets in 4,243 star systems. With so many planets and systems available for study, scientists have been forced to reconsider many previously-held notions about planet formation and evolution and what conditions are necessary for life. In the latter case, scientists have been rethinking the concept of the Circumsolar Habitable Zone (CHZ). By definition, a CHZ is the region around a star where an orbiting planet would be warm enough to maintain liquid water on its surface. As stars evolve with time, their radiance and heat will increase or decrease depending on their mass, altering the boundaries of the CHZ. In a recent study, a team of astronomers from the Italian National Institute of Astrophysics (INAF) considered how the evolution of stars affects their ultraviolet emissions. Since UV light seems important for the emergence of life as we know it, they considered how the evolution of a star’s Ultraviolet Habitable Zone (UHZ) and its CHZ could be intertwined. The research team was led by Riccardo Spinelli, an INAF researcher from the Palermo Astronomical Observatory. He was joined by astronomers from the National Institute of Nuclear Physics (INFN), the University of Insubria, and the Astronomical Observatory of Brera. Their paper, “The time evolution of the ultraviolet habitable zone,” recently appeared in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters. This infographic compares the orbit of the planet around Proxima Centauri (Proxima b) with the same region of the Solar System. Credit: ESO As Spinelli told Universe Today via email, the UHZ is the annular region around a star where a planet receives enough UV radiation to trigger the formation of RNA precursors but not so much that it destroys biomolecules. “This zone primarily depends on the star’s UV luminosity, which decreases over time,” he said. “As a result, the UV habitable zone is farther from the star during the early stages of the star’s evolution and gradually moves closer to the star as time progresses.” As astronomers have known for some time, CHZs are also subject to evolution, owing to changes in the star’s luminosity and heat output, which increase or decrease over time depending on the mass of the star. Addressing the interaction of these two habitable zones could shed light on which exoplanets are most likely to be “potentially habitable” for life as we know it. As Spinelli explained: “We still do not know precisely how life originated on Earth, but we have some clues suggesting that ultraviolet (UV) radiation may have played a crucial role. Experimental studies, such as the one conducted by Paul Rimmer and John Sutherland in 2018, provide significant insights. In their experiment, Rimmer and Sutherland exposed hydrogen cyanide and hydrogen sulfite ions in water to UV light and discovered that this exposure efficiently triggered the formation of RNA precursors. “Without UV light, the same mixture resulted in an inert compound that could not form the building blocks of life. Furthermore, RNA demonstrates a resistance to damage from UV radiation, indicating that it likely formed in a UV-rich environment. Indeed, UV radiation was one of the most abundant sources of chemical-free energy on the surface of the early Earth, suggesting it might have played a crucial role in the emergence of life.” For their purposes, Spinelli and his colleagues sought to determine if (and for how long) the CHZ and the UVZ would overlap – thus facilitating the emergence of life. To this end, the team analyzed data from NASA’s Swift Ultraviolet/Optical Telescope (UVOT) to measure the current UV luminosity of stars with exoplanets that reside in the “classical” HZ. They then consulted data from NASA’s Galaxy Evolution Explorer (GALEX), an orbiting space telescope that has been observing galaxies up to 10 billion years away in the UV wavelength. Illustration of the Trappist-1 system. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech From GALEX, they incorporated how moving groups of young stars evolve in terms of their near-UV luminosity. “To estimate the evolution in time of the ultraviolet habitable zone, we used the results obtained by Richey-Yowell et al. 2023,” said Spinelli. “In this work, the authors derived an average UV luminosity evolution for each type of star. In our work, we reconstructed the evolution of the UV brightness of stars hosting planets in the classical habitable zone by combining the average evolution derived by Richey-Yowell et al. 2023 and the measurements carried out with the Swift Telescope.” From this, they determined there is an overlap between the evolution of CHZs and UHZs. These results were especially significant for M-type (red dwarf) stars, where many rocky planets have been found orbiting within their CHZs. Previous research, which includes a 2023 paper by Spinelli and many of the same colleagues, has suggested that M-dwarf stars are not currently receiving near-UV radiation to support the prebiotic chemistry necessary for the emergence of life. However, their conclusions in this latest paper contradicted their previous findings. Said Spinelli: “We assert that, when examining the evolution of NUV luminosity in M-dwarfs, most of these cool stars are indeed capable of emitting an appropriate amount of NUV photons during the first 1–2 billion yr of their lifetimes to trigger the formation of important building blocks of life. Our results suggest that the conditions for the onset of life (according to the specific prebiotic pathway we consider) may be or may have been common in the Galaxy. Indeed, in this work, we demonstrated that an intersection between the classical habitable zone and the ultraviolet habitable zone could exist (or could have existed) around all stars of our sample at different stages of their life, with the exceptions of the coolest M-dwarfs (temperature less than 2800 K, notably Trappist-1 and Teegarden’s star).” While they may be a bit of a letdown for those hoping to find life on some of TRAPPIST-1s seven rocky planets, it bodes well for other M-type stars hosting rocky planets in their HZs. This includes the closest exoplanet to the Solar System (Proxima b), Ross 128 b, Luyten b, Gliese 667 Cc, and Gliese 180 b, all of which are within 40 light-years of Earth. These findings could have significant implications for exoplanet and astrobiology studies, which have been transitioning from discovery to characterization in recent years. These fields will benefit from next-generation telescopes like Webb, the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope, and ground-based observatories that will enable Direct Imaging studies of exoplanets. Further Reading: MNRAS The post The Ultraviolet Habitable Zone Sets a Time Limit on the Formation of Life appeared first on Universe Today.

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