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In this video I will give you some more tips as to things that I try to bring with me whenever I make a road trip. It’s important for folks to be ready for small contingencies that can occur. #Prepper #Readiness #TravelSafety #RoadTrip #FamilyTrip #SHTF#situationalawareness My channel Focuses on emergency Preparedness topics for the traveling professional and family. Among the topics I'll cover are emergency preparedness‚ food‚ cooking‚ travel tips‚ shooting skills and current events‚ as well as some fun topics such as Pets‚ Bourbon and Politics. Typical Schedule - Subject to Change Mon-Wed-Fri - 07:00a Morning Shorts and News Tuesday - 5:00-6:00p Tuesday TalkShow Thursday - 6:30p Thursday Technical Saturday - 4:00p Saturday Sitrep Use "Roaming10" for 10% off of a qualifying product from the Readywise Foods Website If you'd like to Donate/buy me a Coffee Buy me a Coffee: paypal.me/theroamingprepper (Donations not necessary but always appreciated...please be sure to take care of your needs and the needs of loved ones first...thanks) Reach out: Email: theroamingprepper@gmail.com FaceBook: https://www.facebook.com/TheRoamingPrepper IG: https://www.instagram.com/theroamingprepper/ **DISCLAIMER**: The information may contain copyrighted material and is distributed under the "FAIR USE NOTICE" without profit to those who have expressed a prior interest in receiving the included information for research and educational purposes. All research‚ news articles and opinions are passed on for informational purposes only. The founders of the channel and their guests do not accept any responsibility for any incorrect or misinformation stated in any articles‚ videos or chats. The information is provided for entertainment and awareness. Viewers are highly encouraged to to their own research regarding any information including but not limited to medical or survival skills with experts or other professionals in those areas. We also do not take responsibility for actions of viewers.

Pulsars are extreme objects. They’re what’s left over when a massive star collapses on itself and explodes as a supernova. This creates a neutron star. Neutron stars spin‚ and some of them emit radiation. When they emit radiation from their poles that we can see‚ we call them pulsars. In the last decade or so‚ astrophysicists have discovered many more millisecond pulsars‚ ones that rotate very rapidly. Not only is the number of known pulsars increasing‚ but researchers have also identified pulsar sub-types that have companions. These are called spider pulsars‚ and their companions face great peril. New research sheds light on how spider pulsars in Omega Centauri are tearing their companions to pieces with their powerful outflows. The first spider pulsar ever discovered is PSR B1957+20‚ more widely known as the Black Widow Pulsar. It has a companion that’s either a brown dwarf or a super Jupiter. High-energy outflows from the Black Widow are destroying its companion. All pulsars that destroy their companions are known as spider pulsars‚ but there are two further sub-types of spider pulsars: redback pulsars and black widow pulsars. Artist’s impression of the pulsar PSR B1957+20 (seen in the background) through the cloud of gas enveloping its brown dwarf star companion. Credit: Dr. Mark A. Garlick; Dunlap Institute for Astronomy &; Astrophysics‚ University of Toronto Researchers working with the Chandra Space Telescope have examined Omega Centauri to learn more about how spider pulsars destroy their binary companions. Their work will be published in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. The title is “A Chandra X-ray study of millisecond pulsars in the globular cluster Omega Centauri: a correlation between spider pulsar companion mass and X-ray luminosity.” The authors are Jiaqi Zhao and Craig O. Heinke‚ both from the Physics Department at the University of Alberta‚ Edmonton‚ Canada. Omega Centauri is the largest globular cluster (GC) that we know of in the Milky Way. It’s almost 16‚000 light-years away and contains about 10 million stars. Some of those stars are spider pulsars‚ a class of millisecond pulsars with companions. Visualization of a fast-rotating pulsar. Credit: NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center Conceptual Image Lab Spider pulsars are terribly destructive neighbours. Their energetic winds methodically strip away their companions’ outer layers. To understand more about this phenomenon‚ the pair of researchers examined Chandra data from Omega Centauri‚ home to 18 recently discovered spider pulsars. “Millisecond pulsars (MSPs) are faint X-ray sources commonly observed in Galactic globular clusters (GCs)‚” the researchers write. “In this work‚ we investigate 18 MSPs newly found in the GC Omega Centauri and search for their X-ray counterparts using Chandra observations.” Out of the 18 millisecond pulsars‚ 11 of them emit x-rays that Chandra can see. Five of them are spider pulsars near Omega Centauri’s center. They combined these with Chandra’s observations of 26 spider pulsars in 12 other globular clusters. Using this data‚ the pair of researchers examined empirical correlations between X-ray luminosities and the minimum masses of their companions. This image shows Omega Centauri’s central region in both optical light and X-rays‚ with some of the millisecond pulsars labelled. Image Credit: X-ray: NASA/CXC/SAO; Optical: NASA/ESA/STScI/AURA; Image Processing: NASA/CXC/SAO/N. Wolk There are two classes of spider pulsars‚ and they’re based on their companions’ masses. Redback spider pulsars have companions between one-tenth and one-half of a solar mass‚ while black widow class pulsars have companions with less than 5% of the Sun’s mass. The researchers found that redback spider pulsars are brighter in X-rays than black widow pulsars. This is in line with previous research. But this is the first time that research has shown a correlation between X-ray luminosity and companion mass. We can see in the data how redback spiders with more luminous X-rays have more massive companions. That might seem counter-intuitive on the surface. What’s behind it? This figure from the research shows the X-ray luminosity of the spider pulsars on the y-axis and the minimum masses of their companion stars on the x-axis (logarithmic). There’s a clear correlation between redblack spider pulsars‚ shown in red circles‚ and black widow pulsars‚ shown in black‚ and their companions’ masses. (M14-A and M30-A are outliers.) Image Credit: Zhao and Heinke‚ 2023. Spider pulsars create X-rays when particles in their stellar winds strike the winds coming from their companions and produce shock waves. The more massive its companion is‚ the stronger the companion’s winds. That means the colliding winds produce more luminous X-rays. “Therefore‚ our findings indicate that as the companion mass increases‚ the X-ray luminosity of thespider pulsar tends to increase as well‚” the authors write in their paper. “It likely suggests that a moremassive companion can produce stronger winds and thus generate stronger intra-binary shocks with relativistic pulsar winds‚ leading to higher X-ray luminosities as observed.” These findings agree with theories of how spider pulsars work. Since spiders and their companions are never very far apart—between one and 14 times the distance between the Earth and the Moon— energetic particles from the pulsar are very destructive to their companions. This creates stronger shocks that produce brighter X-rays. “It is clear that there is a correlation between X-ray luminosities and companion masses of spider pulsars‚” the authors write. “This is consistent with the evidence that RBs generally produce more energetic shocks than BWs‚ and RBs are commonly an order of magnitude brighter than BWs.” Spider pulsars follow a narrative trajectory worthy of Shakespeare. They live their lives of fusion as main sequence stars before exploding as supernovae‚ extremely energetic explosions that light up the sky for months with light equal to trillions of Suns. Then they exist as a kind of stellar zombie‚ an extraordinarily dense neutron star. They spin rapidly while emitting powerful outflows of energetic particles. If they’re fortunate enough to have a companion‚ then their final act is to destroy that companion like the spider pulsars in this research. Over time‚ pulsars cool down‚ and their rotation slows. After a few tens of millions of years‚ they cross what’s called the “Death Line” and stop pulsing. Then they’re just regular neutron stars‚ aging forever. The post Spider Pulsars are Tearing Apart Stars in the Omega Cluster appeared first on Universe Today.

The rich flow of scientific data—and stunning images—that comes from the Hubble Space Telescope is being interrupted by gyro problems. One of the telescope’s three remaining gyros gave faulty readings‚ and the Hubble automatically entered safe mode. In safe mode‚ science operations are suspended. Without gyros‚ the Hubble can’t orient itself properly. Gyros measure the telescope’s turn rate and help the telescope know where it’s pointed. They’re part of the system that keeps the space telescope pointed in the right direction. There’s no indication of any problems with Hubble’s instruments‚ like its Wide-Field Camera 3 or its Advanced Camera for Surveys. This all began on November 19th when Hubble went into safe mode. Engineers recovered the telescope‚ and regular science operations resumed the following day. However‚ the unstable gyro caused problems again‚ and the space telescope suspended science operations again on the 21st. It was recovered again‚ then went back into safe mode on November 23rd. That’s where things stand now. NASA is working to resume science operations of the Hubble Space Telescope after it entered safe mode Nov. 23 due to an ongoing gyroscope issue. Hubble’s instruments are stable‚ and the telescope is in good health: https://t.co/QOdJJ9WjYh pic.twitter.com/URRHYV3Le8— Hubble (@NASAHubble) November 29‚ 2023 The Hubble was launched with six original gyros‚ but they failed fairly rapidly. During its last shuttle servicing mission in 2009‚ the Hubble received six new gyros. Three of them were the older type that failed fairly quickly‚ and three were new ones. The three older ones from 2009 have failed‚ and Hubble has three remaining gyros‚ and all of them have a more modern design. It can operate with a single functioning gyro‚ though it’s less efficient. This image shows astronaut Mike Massimino during Service Mission 4 to the Hubble in 2009. Astronaut Mike Good is in the background. During SM-4‚ Hubble received new gyroscopes‚ as well as two new scientific instruments – the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph (COS) and Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3). Image Credit: NASA Each gyro is a small cylinder filled with fluid. Inside the fluid‚ an internal float spins thousands of times per second. The original six gyros and three of the 2009 replacements contained bromine in the fluid. The bromine ate away at the gyros‚ causing their eventual demise. One of the Hubble’s gyros. Older ones had bromine in their interior fluid‚ which ate away at the gyros‚ causing their demise. Image Credit: NASA This isn’t the first time failing gyros have caused a shutdown in Hubble’s science operations. The preceding incident happened in 2018. At that time‚ Ken Sembach was the Director of the Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI.) In an interview‚ he expressed some frustration‚ telling Business Insider‚ “We’ve had some issues with this gyro in the past‚ and we’ve got some possible leads on the current problem. But the thing that’s been clear on Hubble is that these gyros all have a mind of their own. I don’t think anybody really knows what’s going on with it right now.” The gyros are just part of the system that keeps Hubble pointed where astronomers want it pointed. The system also includes reaction wheels and fine guidance sensors. This diagram shows the components that Hubble uses to orient itself. There’s redundancy in the system‚ and it can still operate with a single gyro‚ but it’s not as efficient. Image Credit: NASA Hubble doesn’t have any type of thrusters‚ so it can’t propel itself. But it can change its attitude or orientation using its reaction wheels. That’s how it acquires different targets. But it needs gyros and fine guidance sensors‚ too‚ along with other components. They all work together‚ and without gyros‚ the system can’t function. There won’t be any more servicing missions to Hubble. So as gyros and other equipment keep failing‚ the telescope will eventually become just more space junk. But NASA expects the gyros to last into the 2030s. Hubble personnel are running tests on the telescope’s systems in hopes of coming up with a solution. If they can’t get the malfunctioning one going again‚ then they’ll change tactics. They’ll reduce operations to a single gyro‚ which will affect science operations. Eventually‚ that one will fail‚ and then they’ll have one last remaining gyro they can use. It’ll be sad when the last gyro fails. The Hubble has been in operation for 33 years‚ and generations of people have grown up looking at its images. It wasn’t our first space telescope‚ but it’s been the best one for decades. This Hubble portrait features the giant nebula NGC 2014 and its neighbour NGC 2020‚ which together form part of a vast star-forming region in the Large Magellanic Cloud. We won’t be getting any more images like this until Hubble’s gyro problem is fixed. One day‚ we won’t get any more Hubble images at all. Image Credit: NASA‚ ESA‚ and STScI The Hubble Space Telescope’s place in history is assured‚ no matter how much longer it lasts. But NASA has proven that they can keep Hubble going even without laying hands on it. Let’s hope they can keep it going and get back to normal science operations soon. Discoveries await‚ so does eye candy. The post Hubble is Offline Because of a Problem with one of its Gyros appeared first on Universe Today.

A potentially huge discovery.

How did we not know?

This is why Infowars is known as 'Tomorrow's News Today'