The distant volcanic island of Rapa Nui, also known as Easter Island, is filled with unanswered questions – but few are more mysterious than its unique writing system that's never been deciphered. Located around 3,600 kilometers (2,237 miles) off the coast of Chile in eastern Polynesia, Rapa Nui is one of the world's most remote inhabited islands. It’s best known for its hundreds of giant head-shaped monuments, called moai, carved by the Rapa Nui people in roughly 1100 and 1650 CE.Europeans arrived on the island in the 18th century, bringing a host of problems including disease, murder, and slave traders. The situation worsened through the 19th century and a fatal blow was dealt around the 1860s when around 1,500 islanders were abducted to work as slaves in Peru, decimating the population. By the end of the century, most of its traditional culture was irretrievably lost, including an organized system of glyph symbols called Rongorongo that was intricately carved on wooden tablets.Around 1864, in the midst of this carnage, outsiders had noticed evidence of the writing system and missionaries began sending it aboard. Today, just 27 wooden objects inscribed with Rongorongo exist (none of which remain on the island of Rapa Nui). A replica of a Rongorongo Tablet at the Father Sebastian Englert Anthropological Museum in the town of Hanga Roa on Rapa NuiImage credit: gregpoo/Flickr (CC BY-SA 2.0)Many were sent to Europe, where scholars attempted to crack the Easter Island code – but all of these attempts have fallen flat.One of the most respected attempts came in the 1950s by Thomas Barthel, an ethnologist from the University of Tübingen in Germany, who identified 599 sign shapes, although many contemporary scholars believe this “cannot be considered definitive.”Nevertheless, it is clear that Rongorongo has no apparent relation to any other known system of writing and may have developed in complete isolation from other cultures. Although unique, it does chime into certain characteristics that are employed in many other human writing systems – so, no, it wasn’t aliens that brought Rongorongo to Rapa Nui.“The shapes of the signs do not resemble any known script, and thus they appear to have been invented from zero,” reads a 2022 study by a team of Italian linguists.“Whatever the status of its creation, Rongorongo shares a characteristic common to all image-based invented scripts, namely that its signs are highly iconic: their shapes depict real or fictional things, including human figurations and body parts, animals, plants, tools and other human-made objects, heavenly bodies, etc,” it states. In other words, it's believed many of the glyphs are direct representations of objects, including people, turtles, fish, and trees. This is why many researchers prefer to call Rongorongo an example of "proto-writing," in contrast to "true writing systems," although the distinction between these categories isn't black-and-white.Rongorongo inscriptions on a copy of the tablet called Mu'a Au Mingo Ata'i Hoa Au.Image credit: Dennis Jarvis/Flickr (CC BY-SA 2.0)Rongorongo remains undeciphered by the modern world, but there are ongoing attempts to better understand it. In February 2024, researchers published a study that applied new radiocarbon dating to four wooden tablets engraved with the glyphs. One of the tablets was made from a tree that was felled between 1493 and 1509, predating the arrival of foreigners on the island by at least 200 years and further affirming the view that the Rongorongo script may have been developed in isolation.Strangely, the old tablet was found to have been made from a tree species that does not grow on Easter Island, Podocarpus latifolia, which is native to southeastern Africa. How, then, did the wood end up over half the world away in the southeastern Pacific? Podocarpus is a highly prized wood that has been widely used for shipbuilding in Europe since Medieval times. As such, the researchers argue that the Rongorongo tablet may have originated as the mast of a European ship. Perhaps the ship sunk, creating driftwood that washed ashore on Rapa Nui after decades or centuries of traveling across the world’s oceans.Like a grim foretelling of the island’s future, Europeans would later arrive in person and retrieve the wooden relic, dooming the Rongorongo script into obscurity. 

You know that old joke about how the only thing worse than finding a worm in your apple is finding half a worm in your apple? Here’s a question in the same vein: what’s the one thing scarier than having your seas filled with terrifying apex predators?How about: those same terrifying apex predators suddenly and mysteriously all getting gruesomely murdered?A marine murder mysteryThat’s exactly what happened to South Africa’s populations of great white sharks back in 2017. Out of nowhere, their carcasses started washing up on beaches, various organs removed with what was described as “surgical precision”.The culprit? Orcas – a relatively new resident of the waters, and intelligent enough to pull off the brutal vivisections of their selachian prey. Case closed, you might think – but then things got weirder.All of a sudden, the great whites seemed to just… disappear. “The decline of white sharks was so dramatic, so fast, so unheard of,” Michelle Jewell, an ecologist at the Michigan State University Museum, told Hakai magazine. “Lots of theories began to circulate.”Were the sharks victims of overfishing? Some thought so – but the idea didn’t hold water. Perhaps it was more orca attacks – but then where were the bodies?Then, last year, one theory seemed to have won out. The sharks hadn’t died, the data seemed to suggest – they had just moved house.Sharks on the move“As False Bay and Gansbaai had major declines, other places reported huge increases in white shark populations,” Alison Kock, a marine biologist with South African National Parks and a co-author of the 2023 study that first demonstrated the shift, told Hakai. “Too rapid to be related to reproduction, since they don’t reproduce that fast.”“It had to be redistribution,” she said. “The white sharks moved east.”While it may seem too neat a solution to be true, it makes sense – after all, if someone moved into your neighborhood and started stealing all your friends’ livers, you’d probably move too. “We know that predators have a huge influence on the movement and habitat use of their prey, so this isn’t really surprising,” Jewell pointed out. “The issue is that lots of people weren’t used to thinking of great white sharks as prey.”Drawing on data from a wide range of sources – ecotourism companies, local anglers, even the numbers of shark bites logged over the years – Kock and her colleagues determined that local sharks had moved away from the orcas, and the Cape Town economy and identity that depends on their presence, and towards a more easterly habitat.Of course, such a wholesale move was bound to have knock-on effects for the ecosystem, and we’re yet to see what they’ll be – but it’s got to be a relief that the sharks weren’t just pushing up sea daisies all this time, right?“This has been very worrying for me, and it was good to see evidence that they hadn’t all died,” Kock said. “But it’s still unbelievable to me that I can go to [False Bay’s] Seal Island and not see any white sharks. It’s something I never expected, and I miss them a lot.”But then, the plot thickened even further. Less than six months later, in the exact same journal as the first paper, a rebuttal was issued.A disagreementIn March 2024, five months after the paper by Kock and her colleagues was published, a group of marine biologists presented a counterargument. Comprising researchers from universities across the world – as well as a couple of local expedition companies – the group didn’t just take issue with their predecessors’ conclusions, but with the very techniques and inferences that led them there.For example, while shark populations in Algoa Bay have increased, they argued, the numbers simply aren’t enough to make up for the losses elsewhere. It may have looked that way to the other team, they wrote, but that’s because they standardized datasets collected from different sources – something the second team said they probably shouldn’t have done.“The issue of proportionality […] is well illustrated when comparing the actual number of white sharks caught in Algoa Bay,” they wrote. “During [the] period of increased captures in Algoa Bay […] anglers reported capturing a maximum number of 59 white sharks in a single year (some of which could have even been recaptures of the same individuals).”“In contrast, the Western Cape experienced a relative decrease from an average presence of several hundreds of individual white sharks to less than 10 sightings per year,” they pointed out. “If the entire white shark population was indeed regionally stable and those sharks previously observed in the West had redistributed toward the Eastern Cape, one would have expected the numbers of white sharks in Algoa Bay to be about tenfold higher.”Perhaps more damningly, the drop in shark numbers started years before the orcas’ arrival in Cape Town, the team argued. “We agree that orcas have likely influenced white shark numbers and behaviors, and at least temporarily displaced many from their historical aggregation sites,” they wrote, “[but] the data as currently presented do not suggest that orcas are the primary driver of the declines in white shark observed in the Western Cape.”So, what’s driving the shark numbers down? Well, it seems it’s still a mystery – which is a problem.Where are all the sharks going?As seductive as the “moving east” theory was, its spread throughout the media serves to remind us of the importance of skepticism in science. After all, tell everyone that shark numbers are actually stable, and you might just talk them out of supporting vital conservation efforts for the species.Indeed, “our concern is that unsupported claims of population stability could jeopardize conservation actions urgently needed for white sharks,” said Sara Andreotti, a marine biologist in the Department of Botany and Zoology at Stellenbosch University and one of the co-authors of the rebuttal paper, in a statement this year.“There is no evidence of the hundreds of white sharks counted in False Bay, Gansbaai, and Mossel Bay ten years ago to be aggregating now somewhere else along the South African coastline,” she said.The orcas may have been the most immediate and striking of the great whites’ enemies, but they’re far from the only challenges the fish face. From climate change, to overfishing, to long-term unsustainable hunting by the KwaZulu-Natal Sharks Board, and even more basic problems like low genetic diversity, the sharks are swimming against the current when it comes to their survival.And while some people may welcome a world with fewer Jawses in it, the knock-on effects would be catastrophic.“Our paper highlights the importance of robust, transparent scientific inquiry in guiding conservation efforts while taking a precautionary approach,” the team concluded. “It also serves as a critical checkpoint, urging us to re-evaluate and reinforce our commitment to preserving South Africa's white shark population given the critical role these apex predators play in marine ecosystems and in the economy of South Africa.”

On September 2, 1752, the people of Great Britain went to bed, and didn’t wake up again until the 14th.What had happened? No, it wasn’t a country-wide epidemic of very specific comas – it was a change in the law. Two years previously, Parliament had passed the Calendar (New Style) Act 1750 – an act so radical that it reshaped the entire calendar year and, legend has it, sparked violent protests across the country.So, what was so controversial?Happy New Year… maybe?The British calendar before 1750 was, to put it mildly, kind of a mess. It started on March 25, also known as Lady Day, for reasons that basically boil down to “well, if Jesus was born on December 25” – which he likely wasn’t, for the record – “then this must be when Mary got knocked up.”However, the year still ended on December 31, and if you’re spotting a problem with this system, then, well, yeah. It wasn’t that those extra months in between didn’t exist – they were definitely there, it’s just that nobody was quite sure if they belonged to the year just gone or the one upcoming.Seriously. Look at, say, the diary of Samuel Pepys, chronicler of such historical landmarks as the Great Fire of London and parmesan cheese burials, and the confusion is evident: December 31, 1661 is followed by “Wednesday 1 January 1661/62” – the dual dating system isn’t resolved until “24 March 1661/62” becomes “25 March 1662.”To add to the confusion, even this haphazard system wasn’t standard throughout the country. In Scotland, the new year had begun, sensibly, on January 1 since 1600 – meaning that for quite a long time, someone in, say, Berwick-upon-Tweed could technically jog north for about half an hour and end up in next year.It was, as we’re sure you can see, a very silly situation all round, and Parliament decided it had to end. “[In] England […] the Year beginneth on the 25th Day of March, [which] hath been found by Experience to be attended with divers Inconveniencies,” the Act begins, “not only as it differs from the Usage of neighbouring Nations, but also from the legal Method of Computation in that Part of Great Britain called Scotlond [sic], and […] frequent Mistakes are occasioned in the Dates of Deeds, and other Writings, and Disputes arise therefrom.”Therefore, the act resolved, “the first Day of January next following the said last Day of December [1751] shall be reckoned, taken, deemed and accounted to be the first Day of the Year of our Lord 1752.”To put it in more modern words: “we’re the only ones still starting the year in March, and it’s confusing everybody. From now on, the year starts on January 1.”Goodbye CaesarSo, you’re an English dude in February 1748, and you decide to take a trip across the channel to France. You hop off the boat after leaving on the 1st, and arrive in Calais on… February 12, 1749.See, compounding that whole “nobody except us starts the year in March” thing was the fact that an awful lot of Europe was using a completely different time system: the Gregorian calendar, decreed by Pope Gregory in 1582.Adopting this new – well, newer – dating system would have had a couple of big benefits for Britain. First of all, it was more accurate – the Julian calendar, named after Julius Caesar, had assumed a year length of exactly 365.25 days, rather than the 365.2422 that it actually is (rookie mistake). The Gregorian system, on the other hand, set the length of the year at 365.2425 days – still not correct, but much closer. Secondly, it would put Britain back on the same date as pretty much everyone else in Western Europe, which would at least be handy when it came to meeting appointments and suchlike. There was really only one downside to its adoption, which was that it was invented by a Catholic.Britain, on the other hand, wasn’t just Protestant – its very existence sort of depended on its Protestantism. Ever since Henry VIII decided getting some tail was more important than staying friends with the Pope, the Church in England had been, well, the Church of England, and the head of both was whoever the current King or Queen was.You might think that’s a silly objection, but it was the main reason the country hadn’t yet made the change from Julian to Gregorian: Queen Elizabeth had tried to reform the calendar not long after the new system’s invention in the 1580s, but the attempt was blocked by the church for being too Catholic; so too were subsequent attempts to adopt the Gregorian calendar in the 17th century.Luckily, the Parliament of 1750 had a hack: just don’t mention the Pope. Rather than admit that their proposed new calendar had ever had anything to do with Catholicism, they instead set out a bunch of esoteric math which conveniently happened to arrive at the exact same dates as old Greg had set out, while notably being completely unrelated to anything the guy had ever said.The kicker? So obvious was this “copy my homework, but make it look different” technique that when an actual mathematician looked over the workings, he found out that they were completely wrong. “The description copied into prayer-books from the Act of Parliament for the change of style is incorrect in two points,” pointed out Augustus De Morgan (yes, that one, math nerds in the audience); “it substitutes the day of full moon for the fourteenth day, and the moon of the heavens for the calendar moon.”“But the details thus wrongly headed are, as intended, true copies of the Gregorian calendar,” he added. So that was lucky.Give us our eleven days!Of course, adopting the same time system as everyone else meant some big changes were going to have to happen – and by “big”, we mean “literally erasing a week and a half from the calendar.” And it’s from this last measure that we see the Act’s most infamous consequences – because, supposedly, people were so alarmed by the disappearance of 11 days from September 1752 that they literally rioted in the streets.The suggested reasons for the protests range from “yeah ok, I can see that” – would people be paid a full month’s wages? When would rent be due? And so on – to “okay, it was the past, but humans have surely never been that stupid” – ideas like people believing that they would now literally die 11 days earlier than they were previously going to (anybody due to die between September 2 and 14 would, presumably, become immortal). But here’s the question: did it ever really happen? Certainly, there are a couple of pieces of evidence for the so-called “calendar riots”. “Mak[e] no doubt that fires would be kindled again in Smithfield before the conclusion of the year,” reported one writer for the satirical magazine The World in the lead-up to the Act’s adoption – essentially a threat that people would riot in the streets like they had in the Peasants’ Revolt of 1381. Or consider, for example, William Hogarth’s 1755 painting An Election Entertainment, depicting that year’s Oxfordshire election – the scene is complete with angry protesters throwing projectiles and carrying a banner reading “Give Us Our Eleven Days.”And… that’s it, actually. No other contemporary evidence exists that anybody rioted over the calendar changes, and even these two sources need to be taken with a hefty grain – nay, lump – of salt. Both were openly intended as satire; the first doesn’t even record protests, merely the threat of them, and the second, most historians agree, was really more of a comment on that specific election than anything else – it was a particularly weird and vitriolic one, filled with antisemitic and anti-Catholic slurs, violence in the streets, and political appeals to the good old days when England was still proudly 11 days behind those dastardly foreigners. The “scene” in the painting wasn’t a picture from reality, but an illustration – a cartoon – and it would have been understood as such by the audience of the time.So, did people really riot over 11 missing days in 1752? Almost certainly not. In fact, the strongest protests against the new calendar seem to have come from politicians, not the people – who, let’s face it, were probably just relieved to have nailed down the date of New Year’s Day at long last.

The Sea Peoples were a purported seafaring confederation of groups known to have attacked ancient Egypt prior to the Late Bronze Age collapse. This concept, formulated in the nineteenth century, became one of the most famous chapters of Egyptian history, tied to what Wilhelm Max Müller described as “the most important questions of ethnography and the primitive history of classic nations.” The origins of the various Sea Peoples are widely debated, with proposals suggesting they came from either western Anatolia or Southern Europe. While archaeological inscriptions do not explicitly reference a migration, it is conjectured that the Sea Peoples sailed across the eastern Mediterranean, invading Anatolia, Syria, Canaan, Cyprus, and Egypt towards the end of the Bronze Age. The Trojan War, often romanticized by Homer, may have been more consequential than previously believed. Some archaeologists propose it as one of the final acts in what has been controversially dubbed “World War Zero” — an event that allegedly precipitated the collapse of the eastern Mediterranean Bronze Age civilizations around 3200 years ago. This scene from the north wall of Medinet Habu is often used to illustrate the Egyptian campaign against the Sea Peoples, in what has come to be known as the Battle of the Delta (c. 1175 BC),[1] during the reign of Ramesses III. A mysterious and powerful civilization, the Luwians, overlooked by many archaeologists, may have been the catalyst for this war. By the second millennium BC, civilization had flourished throughout the eastern Mediterranean. The Egyptian New Kingdom coexisted with the Hittites of central Anatolia and the Mycenaeans of mainland Greece, among others. Yet, within a single generation, these civilizations collapsed. The reasons behind this sudden downfall remain contested, with theories ranging from climate change to earthquake storms and social unrest. Eberhard Zangger, head of the Luwian Studies non-profit in Zurich, Switzerland, argues that a crucial piece of the puzzle is missing: another powerful civilization in western Anatolia played a pivotal role in this collapse. This theory, supported by ancient Egyptian texts, describes attacks on Cyprus and Syria by the mysterious ‘Sea Peoples’. Zangger concludes that these enigmatic attackers were, in fact, the ancient Luwians. According to Zangger’s theory, raiders set fires to temples and buildings, driving out the ruling class and causing the Hittite civilization to vanish into oblivion for three thousand years. The Mycenaean kings, sensing the opportunity, constructed a massive fleet and raided the port cities of Asia Minor, eventually destroying the Luwians who were left unprotected due to their extensive territory. The Mycenaean and Luwian forces ultimately joined before the famous siege of Troy. Yet the Luwians have remained completely unknown archaeologically. They do not appear on any political map of the Aegean Bronze Age, and there are still virtually no prehistorians who would say publicly that the Luwians ever wielded economic and political power. It was previously believed that the Luwians had no “economic or political power” and that they were too far dispersed among minor kingdoms to pose a threat. In fact, it was believed previously that Luwian territory was inhabited only by nomadic “horse people” who had no political power. The archaeologists studying the Luwian people note that the inclusion of the Luwians into the Bronze Age battles is the only model that aligns fully with excavation results, written documentation, and traditions. While not all archaeologists are in agreement that the Luwians are the mysterious “Sea Peoples,” many are supporting the idea that more research needs to be done in the long-neglected western Anatolia. Christoph Bachhuber, a professor at Oxford, says that he is excited to see the research as it will bring more attention to the western Anatolia and potentially provide the ability for an overall better understanding of the area and ancient civilizations that lived there. The post World War Zero and Lost civilization of Sea People appeared first on Anomalien.com.

It’s funny how journalists admit Kamala Harris is getting a media honeymoon, and then deny it means anything. Ben Smith at Semafor sent an email noting “Republican fury” at the gushy pro-Kamala bias and claiming, “But who are we, and Republicans, kidding? I wish we had that kind of power. The news media can’t make and break politicians (even Democrats) anymore. “ He wrote this…right after weeks of a brutally negative media drumbeat was part of driving Joe Biden out of the race. Smith was promoting a July 28 Semafor article by reporter Maxwell Tani titled “A more media-friendly Kamala Harris runs for president.” The Harris campaign is starting late, but for years now, Harris has been building relationships with her Democratic allies in the so-called “mainstream” media elite. We’re told she’s invited a “parade of prominent television anchors and media executives” to dine with her at the vice-president’s home, the Naval Observatory, and given “personal tours of her garden” to many journalists. Who might that be? In 2023, she hosted a dinner for “Morning Joe'' hosts Joe Scarborough and Mika Brzezinski, who are currently the most shamelessly robotic DNC talking-points repeaters on television. She’s held similar off-the-record schmoozefests with “Meet the Press” host Kristen Welker, the White House reporters for the Spanish-language networks Telemundo and Univision, and “all of the reporters — for a while, all women — in the front row of the Brady briefing room.” That would be ABC, CBS, NBC, CNN, AP, Reuters, and…Fox News. On top of that, Tani dished that there were off-the-record meet-and-greets in Harris’s office with not just The New York Times, but with writers for “fairly niche abortion Substacks.” Let’s guess that starts with staunch feminist Jessica Valenti, with her “Abortion Every Day” blog. This kind of meeting establishes what the “off the record” game accomplishes. Journalists feel like they better “know” the politician, then can gush over “how they think” about things, and feel good about their insider knowledge. When everyone in the room is a Democrat, the politician can explain what kind of spin they would like the servile journalists to convey. Maybe Kamala told each one, “I am definitely not the border czar.” So what media outlets does Kamala consume? It’s predictable: “Harris keeps the ritual that many Democratic Washington politicians do: casually tuning into ‘Morning Joe’ on the treadmill and elliptical," with a nod to "morning broadcast news.” She keeps the TVs in her office and on Air Force Two tuned to CNN. You have to highlight the “reliable” liberal sources. Kamala allegedly doesn’t gripe about individual stories, but we do learn she wasn’t happy with the media coterie on her 2019 presidential campaign. “Towards the end of her campaign, two people familiar told Semafor that Harris privately observed that it seemed like the networks were pigeonholing her by mostly assigning to Black embeds and staff to cover her.” What is that about? It’s always curious when assigning black reporters to black politicians (or female reporters to female politicians, or gay reporters to gay politicians) is “pigeonholing” instead of a method to ensure media “empathy.” This statement stumbles into implying black is “second class.” The most fascinating media question in the next three months is: How many press conferences or interviews? The national newspapers were never granted a President Biden interview. The voters can’t scrutinize you when your “media appearance” is chatting over breakfast burritos with Joe and Mika. Slap on a microphone and take some questions. Otherwise, we’ll continue the curious pattern of Donald Trump granting wide access despite being hammered, and the Democrat slamming the door on their allies. 

The media is launching an unbelievable coordination to get Kamala Harris in the Oval Office. I stand in awe at the system leftists have built to where they can get everyone to walk in lockstep overnight to spin Kamala Harris' public image. They went from saying how horrible she is, how she is hated by everybody, unlikable, unworkable, and can’t keep anyone on her staff to “Kamala Harris is a genius.” Don't you know how great she is? Did you know that in addition to being super busy helping the president run the country every day, she’s also a marvelous cook? The New York Times published a story about what a health addict she is. You should see her exercise routine. It is unbelievable!No Democrat would vote for Harris if she had begun her campaign last year and had to participate in debates.The media is all in lockstep. We all knew this is the way it works, but it's quite remarkable in its weird, creepy, Orwellian way to watch it happen in real time.I think the Democrats and the media are very wisely changing the tone of the conversation.They're going with Kamala's weird laugh while switching the tone on JD Vance. “He’s just weird,” the mainstream pundits say in unison. They’re trying to change the tone from calling Trump a “grumpy old man” and a “danger to democracy” to “it’s just weird, isn’t it?”They’re trying to soften themselves from the possibility of being a fascist dictator to just somebody like you who says, “That’s just weird, isn’t it?” You may not say that, but they’re also trying to make it a campaign for the younger generations.I would not dismiss what they’re doing right now. I think they’re trying to appear as though it's all tongue-in-cheek. I think it’s a good strategy for them if that’s what they’re doing, but it’s awesome in its evilness to watch. If that's what they're doing, I think it's brilliant — and dangerous for the republic. Because Kamala Harris is actually weird. She is not normal. She is not a traditional candidate. There is no way that Kamala Harris could ever become president unless you pitted her against the most unpopular candidate in the race, elevated her as the vice president, and then the president became so wildly incompetent and dangerous to the country that you had to put her in the Oval Office. And you put her in at the last minute before anybody could really talk to her again and refresh everybody's memory of who she is. Give her very little rope, and she will offend everybody. She will do anything but a soft shoe dance.That's the only way you get her in as president. No Democrat would vote for her if she had begun her campaign last year and had to participate in debates. It would never work. This is the only way she could possibly become president, and this is exactly what’s happening.What’s the consequence? If the left's plan is successful, we will have the most radically leftist president in our nation's history. She is more progressive than Barack Obama, though maybe not more progressive than Michelle. Nevertheless, she was raised by Berkeley professors — she believes in progressive values at the core of her being.The only way to get Harris into the Oval Office is during a condensed period of emergency. Everyone on the left must agree with her and ensure the press remains in lockstep. I'm not saying she’s going to win. I'm saying, don't take this lightly. The left is playing its cards, and we cannot be blindsided.Want more from Glenn Beck? Get Glenn's FREE email newsletter with his latest insights, top stories, show prep and more delivered to your inbox.

By stepping down as president of the University of Florida, Sasse has demonstrated once again the kind of virtue that has marked his time in public life.

Her manufactured stardom is the final test for liberal groupthink.

She has displayed a disregard for law, a contempt for constitutional processes, and a readiness to use prosecutorial power against political opponents.

Unless otherwise agreed to by its beneficiaries, a pension fund should be managed to maximize risk-adjusted return for its beneficiaries.