I was in Chicago for the first few weeks of October and then home in Montreal for the last week. I read eighteen books. I’m sorry this is late‚ but some of these were surprisingly difficult to talk about. Murder While You Work‚ Susan Scarlett (Noel Streatfeild) (1944) Re-read. Very slight romance‚ set during the end of WWII‚ essentially when it was published. A woman trained as a nurse goes to work in a factory‚ and gets billeted in a place of mysterious murders‚ which her boyfriend solves. None of the characters are memorable and the whole thing feels uninspired—I think Streatfeild was writing a lot at this time‚ and some of what she was doing was great but this one was sadly lacklustre. I’d read it before and remembered it being disappointing but nothing else about it really. I am now at the point where I have only one unread Streatfeild. Some Desperate Glory‚ Emily Tesh (2023) This is very nearly a brilliant book. Yay‚ I thought‚ Tesh is not writing more urban fantasy‚ but instead a space opera‚ wonderful! It’s very well written. It has great characters and a very powerful and grabby voice. The world has a lot of interesting things about it. The book totally psyched me out with what it did halfway through‚ and this filled me with delight. But the more I think about it since I finished it‚ the more I wish it had a wider scope—it’s very focused on the individual rather than the systemic. The personal questions are resolved‚ where I wanted the focus to be more on the political. This really is a book where the problem is that one person is evil‚ and on reflection that’s unsatisfying and unrealistic. I was riveted while I was reading‚ I loved it‚ I couldn’t stop thinking about it‚ and I’m very sad to have wound up disappointed in this particular way. A lot of books don’t even consider the questions this book raises‚ but raising a very high stakes multi-universe trolley problem and deciding the answer is to admit you love who you love just feels empty to me. I’ll Meet You in Florence‚ Angela Pearse (2023) Dreadful romance novel set in Italy‚ with very bad Italy. People see a bridge for the first time that it’s totally impractical they wouldn’t have crossed already‚ take taxis distances it would be massively quicker to walk (and where you can’t easily find taxis)‚ find a jug of iced water in a restaurant—which is normal in the US but impossible (to the point of miraculous) in Italy where you pay for water and ice is extremely rare. The romance itself isn’t any more likely really. Eminently skippable. The Italian Wars 1494-1599‚ Christine Shaw and Michael Mallett (2018) Extremely useful detailed account of the Italian Wars‚ but probably not exactly what you want unless you’re already well up on the period. However it was very valuable for me‚ and relatively readable too. Saevus Corax Deals With the Dead‚ K.J. Parker (2023) First in a new trilogy‚ preordered‚ and started the day it arrived. The second volume comes out in November and that’s preordered too‚ expect a report next month. I know what I’m getting with Parker now: It’s a snarky first person voice‚ lots of logistics‚ lots of twists‚ lots of made up history‚ the same place names referring to different places from his other work‚ and an exceedingly odd view of women. This was great‚ vintage Parker‚ absorbing‚ funny‚ terrible‚ surprising‚ inevitable defeats‚ last minute escapes‚ tons of logistics. If you want to read one Parker to find out if you like him‚ start with Sixteen Ways to Defend a Walled City. But if you already like him‚ here’s another very Parker book that was just what I wanted. Inferno‚ Dante Alighieri (1320) New (2013) poetic translation by Clive James. So re-read but a different translation. This is a great‚ readable translation but lacks the contextual footnotes that are so useful in Ciardi. Dante literally goes through hell—and what an interesting‚ petty‚ period hell it is‚ what a weird mix of Christianity and Virgil. Of course Virgil is literally a character. One thing this translation does well is linger on the physicality of the journey‚ the specific time and place and shortage of breath and difficulty of climbing up and down. This isn’t a tour‚ it’s a trek. And he meets people he knows‚ and some he cares about‚ but they’re in Hell‚ being punished in horrible ways forever. This was a surprise bestseller; back in the fourteenth century‚ even people who couldn’t read read it‚ it influenced the way people think about hell and contains many things people assume are in the Bible. It really is very good. On to Purgatorio. Portrait of a Wide Seas Islander‚ Victoria Goddard (2022) Novella about an incident that happens in In the Hands of the Emperor from a different point of view. It definitely doesn’t really stand alone‚ but fun as extending background. Goddard is very good at journeys and travel. T.H. White: A Biography‚ Sylvia Townsend Warner (1967) One of the best biographies I’ve ever read‚ with everything I like‚ extensive use of letters‚ clear explanations‚ sympathy without worship‚ criticism without dislike. Warner sees White clearly and makes me see him too. And for 1967 she was remarkably open about his sexuality‚ which is one about which we’re still uncomfortable today. White was a very strange man who lived a strange unhappy life‚ but he wrote some wonderful books. This book makes me feel I knew him‚ and saw how he produced his books‚ but also what a difficult friend he was to his friends. I wish Warner had written more biographies‚ because this one is absolutely splendid. I thoroughly recommend it if you have any interest in White at all. The Remarkable Mrs Anderson‚ Miklós Bánffy (1946) Translated by Thomas Sneddon. Delightful novel about a Leonardo stolen from Budapest in the 1930s and two Hungarian tourists who manage to get it back‚ and when they have it‚ take a road trip escaping back through Italy with it. While pursued by both the Italian fascist police and the original thieves‚ they pause briefly in Florence and take a couple of hours to go to the Uffizi and regret that they don’t have time for the Pitti Palace. This is very much my kind of book‚ and gets Italy very right. I had previously read Banffy’s wonderful but slow Transylvanian trilogy; this is quite different‚ fast and fun and light. Indeed‚ if it wasn’t for the note about the author’s tragic life at the end I’d have come away from this with a big grin. I’m sorry his life was blighted by so many of the evils of the twentieth century‚ I’m very glad his books are being translated and made available in English now. I have a couple of collections of his short stories on my list and look forward to them. Meanwhile‚ this romp is a ton of fun. Hag-Seed‚ Margaret Atwood (2016) This is a strange and wonderful novel about a production of The Tempest in a prison. It is also a meta-retelling of The Tempest. It works remarkably well on all levels. I always forget how good Atwood is when she isn’t trying to write SF. This was powerful‚ absorbing‚ and very clever. There are lots of books that are straight retellings of myth or Shakespeare‚ but very few that are informed by the original in this kind of way. I was reminded of the Denys Arcand movie Jesus de Montreal and of Ada Palmer’s use of Homer in Terra Ignota. I also loved the details about putting on the play in the prison‚ like the prisoner/actors only being allowed to swear in Shakespearean insults‚ and how into that they get. Excellent. The Burnout‚ Sophie Kinsella (2023) Kinsella in top form‚ funny‚ warm novel about a woman who is burned out at work‚ who goes back to a childhood holiday spot‚ out of season. This is very much a romance‚ and done very well. Thoroughly enjoyable‚ and with the career wish-fulfillment arc as strong as the romance one‚ making this chick-lit by my definition. Fun read. The Fortunate Fall‚ Cameron Reed (writing as Raphael Carter) (1996) Re-read in order to write a new intro. I am so excited about this book coming back into print so I can recommend it to people without the caveat that they’ll have to find a copy from 1996. What a great book. SF doing what it does best. I’ve written about it here before. Best Supporting Actor‚ Joanne Chambers and Sally Malcolm (2023)  Third in the Creative Types series‚ and really the perfect way to do sequels to romance novels where you have sequential relationships. The couple from volume 1 are now in a steady relationship‚ this begins simultaneously with volume two and takes place in the interstices. It’s about actors putting on a play about Wilfred Owen and Siegfried Sassoon. Excellent stuff on class‚ excellent minor characters‚ warm and funny. Well written‚ delightful‚ great characters. The Night of Fear‚ Moray Dalton (1931) Golden Age detective story about a country house murder with lies and alibis and a wrongful accusation and the final revelations made in the courtroom‚ More subsidiary murders than you can shake a stick at‚ and yet all very much that “afternoon tea in the library” feeling. The Perfect Prince: The Mystery of Perkin Warbeck and His Quest for the Throne of England‚ Anne Wroe (2003) Perkin Warbeck was either the younger of the two Princes in the Tower or he wasn’t. He certainly persuaded a lot of people that he was‚ and led an unsuccessful rebellion to try to regain “his” throne against Henry VII Tudor. He may not have been Prince Richard. But on the other hand… This is an excellent book about Warbeck that doesn’t make any assumptions and gives masses of information about everything we do know. Well written‚ fascinating‚ but very very long‚ you’ve got to really commit to reading a book like this. The October Man‚ Ben Aaronovitch (2019) Novella in the Rivers of London series about river goddesses in Germany. Definitely not essential to the series continuity‚ but pleasant enough. The Bright Side of Going Dark‚ Kelly Harms (2020) Surprisingly dark novel about suicide‚ mental illness‚ denial‚ and modern life. An influencer gets dumped right before her very-Insta wedding‚ and a woman who deals with flagged posts on I-Can’t-Believe-It’s-Not-Facebook starts making posts to the influencer’s account after the flagger’s sister tries to commit suicide. It’s completely wrong about people dealing with the flags being highly paid—I mean it’s a made up company‚ but even so. Well written and memorable‚ but I don’t know what they were thinking putting a chirpy romance cover on it. A Farmhouse in Tuscany‚ Victoria Springfield (2021) Romance novel set in Italy‚ pretty good Italy‚ or maybe I just know nothing about agriturismo holidays with horses so I’m less critical. It had a great family‚ though‚ and almost plausible misunderstandings. I liked that the central romance here was a married couple getting back together‚ and that it wasn’t easy. Speak‚ Memory‚ Vladimir Nabokov (1966) Genuinely great‚ but every so often in this autobiography Nabokov addresses the reader as the very specific “you” of his wife Vera‚ and every time I felt myself not only distanced from the text but deeply relieved I was not married to Nabokov! He was a very weird man. He wrote with an incredible specificity‚ he observed and remembered everything in almost hallucinatory detail. This is his memoir of growing up in pre-revolutionary Russia‚ and the knowledge of the coming revolution hangs over everything like the sword of Damocles. This is very vivid‚ very intense‚ and I kept feeling I wanted to take it in very small bites. Powerful to the point of being overpowering. Jo Walton is a science fiction and fantasy writer. She’s published two collections of Tor.com pieces‚ three poetry collections‚ a short story collection and fifteen novels‚ including the Hugo- and Nebula-winning Among Others. Her novel Lent was published by Tor in May 2019‚ and her most recent novel‚ Or What You Will‚ was released in July 2020. She reads a lot‚ and blogs about it here irregularly. She comes from Wales but lives in Montreal. She plans to live to be 99 and write a book every year.

Your Right to Be Doxxed

Human Rights Watch Editor: Yes‚ HRW Is Biased Against Israel

Anyone who has experienced sleep paralysis will tell you that it is one of the most terrifying things a person can go through. A form of parasomnia‚ this weird sleep phenomenon typically involves an inability to move while witnessing nightmarish figures hover over one’s body – despite having just woken up.In most cases‚ the ghastly visual hallucinations are accompanied by tactile sensations of pressure on the chest‚ often resulting in an overall experience of having a malevolent being sit or push down on one’s upper body. Thankfully‚ these petrifying encounters usually last less than a couple of minutes and leave no lasting damage once they wear off‚ but they can be highly unsettling. So what’s going on here?What is sleep paralysis?Unsurprisingly‚ sleep paralysis has been subjected to numerous cultural interpretations. Among Inuit communities‚ for example‚ the experience has been linked to spiritual attacks from evil shamans attempting to steal an element of a person’s soul known as the tarniq. In parts of Brazil‚ meanwhile‚ the phenomenon is tied to folk tales about a prowling‚ long-nailed monster called the pisadeira who sits on people’s chests while they sleep.Interestingly‚ sleep paralysis is associated with post-traumatic stress disorder‚ and is often experienced as a reenactment of one’s trauma. A study in Cambodia‚ for example‚ found that survivors of the Khmer Rouge genocide have particularly high rates of sleep paralysis and tend to view their shadowy attacker as a canine-like ghost in Kmer Rouge uniform‚ known as a khmaoch sângkât.Taking a more scientific approach to the subject‚ though‚ western medicine classes sleep paralysis as a form of narcolepsy‚ which refers to the brain’s inability to control sleep-wake cycles. The experience can also strike non-narcoleptics‚ and tends to occur during periods of jet-lag‚ high stress‚ or poor sleep.What causes sleep paralysis?Sleep paralysis usually occurs as a person transitions out of the rapid eye movement (REM) phase of sleep‚ when the brain is extremely active and the majority of dreams occur. Usually‚ the neurotransmitters GABA and glycine are released during REM sleep in order to inhibit motor neurons in the spinal cord and essentially paralyze the body. It’s thought that this occurs to prevent us from acting out our dreams and injuring ourselves or our bedmates.When we wake up‚ GABA and glycine levels decrease and are replaced by norepinephrine‚ histamine‚ choline‚ and serotonin‚ all of which promote arousal in the brain and body. Sleep paralysis therefore occurs when these various neuropeptides aren’t properly regulated‚ meaning our brains wake up but our muscles remain in a state of atonia.It’s unclear why this is accompanied by nightmarish hallucinations‚ although the paralysis of the chest and throat muscles may explain why people feel as though something is sitting on top of them.Why do people experience sleep paralysis?A study including participants from 35 different countries found that sleep paralysis affects around 8 percent of people worldwide‚ although certain sub-populations appear particularly prone to these waking nightmares. For example‚ nearly 40 percent of Asian college students and over 40 percent of psychiatric patients of African descent described having experienced sleep paralysis at least once.Generally‚ people with underlying psychiatric conditions are more likely to encounter this strange sleep phenomenon‚ possibly due to a dysregulation of serotonin in the brain. Shift-workers or those whose lifestyles prevent them from getting enough sleep also tend to report higher rates of sleep paralysis.So far‚ scientists haven’t fully figured out why sleep paralysis occurs or how to prevent it‚ although a few obvious preventatives include getting more shut-eye‚ eating healthier‚ exercising‚ and avoiding stress.One study even found that people who claim to have been abducted by aliens tend to have higher rates of sleep paralysis. So‚ either sleep paralysis causes aliens‚ or aliens cause sleep paralysis. The truth is out there.

When humans get hungry‚ our stomachs appear to protest with a series of rumbles and growls that can be audible even to those around us. It’s a normal part of being human and something all of us have experienced‚ but what’s actually going on to make those peculiar sounds?The reason why our stomachs growl when we’re hungry is because of the hormonal feedback that tells us that we need to eat‚ and also how the musculature of our digestive tracts contracts and relaxes. The rumbling and gurgling sound it makes even has its own fun name: borborygmus‚ which means rumbling in Greek.Why does your stomach growl when you’re hungry?There are four key explanations as to why your stomach growls when you’re hungry – or gets its borborygmus on‚ as we’ll be saying from now on.Muscular movementsSmooth muscles line most of the gastrointestinal tract in bundles that can contract and relax to help food move in the right direction. If you imagine the series of tubes a meal has to move through sort of like sausage casing‚ you need a squeezing motion to keep solids moving forwards‚ and that what’s your muscles do. The scientific word for that squeezing motion is peristalsis‚ and it happens rhythmically to keep everything moving along.As well as pushing food around‚ those muscular contractions can move gas and liquids‚ so you can imagine the kinds of sounds combining all three creates. The rumbling sounds from muscular contractions aren’t limited to the stomach‚ either‚ and often the noises you’re hearing are coming from lower down in the intestines.An empty stomachPart of the reason why rumbling seems to be so loud when we’re hungry is that at this time your stomach is empty. Food is a good muffler of sound‚ so when your food tube is empty‚ its muscular activity gets noisier even though it’s not doing anything that differently from normal. Hormonal feedbackHormones help us to keep track of our need for nutrition in the form of ghrelin and leptin. Ghrelin tells us we’re hungry‚ while leptin tells us we’re full. Some animal studies have shown that ghrelin may increase gastric motility and emptying‚ and a study on humans found giving participants ghrelin got their gut moving faster compared to saline.It’s possible‚ then‚ that when we get hungry‚ ghrelin may increase the muscular movements that give rise to borborygmi‚ but it’s a complex part of our physiology involving many hormones that we still don’t entirely understand.Do stomachs only growl when you’re hungry?No! There are a lot of things our guts need to clear‚ including mucous‚ gas‚ and fluids‚ so peristalsis is constantly working to keep things moving so that we don’t experience a build-up of anything. As anyone who’s experienced severe gas could tell you‚ build-ups can be very painful and in the case of blockages and volvuli (when the intestine twists)‚ people can require emergency surgery.Never was this demonstrated more than in the case of a fecal impaction that caused a man to lose the ability to walk and develop life-threatening abdominal compartment syndrome when “approximately 2 liters” of feces got stuck. Yikes.All “explainer” articles are confirmed by fact checkers to be correct at time of publishing. Text‚ images‚ and links may be edited‚ removed‚ or added to at a later date to keep information current.  The content of this article is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice‚ diagnosis‚ or treatment. Always seek the advice of qualified health providers with questions you may have regarding medical conditions.  

Researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology have achieved the alchemist’s dream. Well‚ kind of. They have found a way to metaphorically turn graphite into “gold”.The MIT physicists created a method for isolating five ultrathin flakes of graphite‚ one of the main components of pencil lead‚ that are stacked in a specific order. The resulting material can be tuned to demonstrate three important properties that have never been seen in natural graphite before now.“It is kind of like one-stop shopping‚” said Long Ju‚ an assistant professor in the MIT Department of Physics and leader of the work‚ in a statement. “Nature has plenty of surprises. In this case‚ we never realized that all of these interesting things are embedded in graphite.”  Ju added‚ “It is very rare material to find materials that can host this many properties.”So what’s going on here? Well‚ graphite is composed of graphene‚ which is a single layer of carbon atoms that are arranged in a honeycomb-like structure of hexagons. Since it was first isolated around 20 years ago‚ researchers have poured a lot of attention into this mind-bending wonder material.  Then‚ around five years ago‚ MIT researchers found that stacking sheets of graphene and then twisting them so they are at slight angles to one another can give the material exciting new properties‚ essentially creating a new field of research – “twistronics”.However‚ the latest work from MIT uncovered interesting new properties in graphene without any twisting.Ju and colleagues discovered that five layers of graphene arranged in specific order allowed the electrons that moved around inside them to “talk with each other” in what is known as electron correlation. This phenomenon is‚ Ju explained‚ “the magic that makes all of these new properties possible.”The material isolated by Ju and colleagues has been called pentalayer rhombohedral stacked graphene. This amazing structure is only a few billionths of a meter thick.It’s a kind of magicIn 2021‚ Ju built a microscope that can quickly and relatively cheaply determine a variety of important characteristics of a material at the nanoscale. The microscope‚ which utilizes scattering-type scanning nearfield optical microscopy‚ or s-SNOM‚ enables scientists to identify and isolate specific stacking orders. It was while looking into multilayer graphene stacking that the researchers were able to isolate the pentalayers in the rhombohedral stacking order‚ which is one of more than 10 possible stacking orders.From here‚ the team's actions are best described with sandwich language to make it more digestible.They attached electrodes to a tiny sandwich composed of boron nitride – the “bread” – that protects the “meat” of the pentalayer rhombohedral stacked graphene. The electrodes allowed them to control and tune the system with different voltages‚ which resulted in the emergence of three different phenomena within the material‚ each depending on the number of electrons in the system.“We found that the material could be insulating‚ magnetic‚ or topological‚” Ju explained. A topological material allows the unimpeded movement of electrons around a material’s edge‚ but not through its middle. This phenomenon is somewhat related to both conductors and insulators.The electrons move in one direction along a kind of “highway” at the edge of the material‚ which is separated by a median that makes up the material’s center. This means the edge of a topological material is a perfect conductor‚ while its center is an insulator.“Our work establishes rhombohedral stacked multilayer graphene as a highly tunable platform to study these new possibilities of strongly correlated and topological physics‚” the team concludes in their paper.The study is published in Nature Nanotechnology.

Hannah More (1745–1833) was a most extraordinary woman. A poet and playwright mixing with the leading figures of her day in the theater and arts‚ she found evangelical faith and deployed her considerable writing skills in support of William Wilberforce’s campaign against the slave trade. Continue Reading...

by Dennis L. Weisman‚ American Thinker: On October 7‚ 2023 the words “never again” rang hollow for the first time since the Holocaust when 6 million Jews perished at the hands of the Nazis. Employing a level of barbarism that should cause even the most fervent anti-Semite to recoil in disgust‚ Hamas terrorists systematically tortured and murdered […]

by Patricia Anthone‚ America Outloud: Israel’s foreign minister‚ Eli Cohen‚ said at a press conference in Geneva Tuesday‚ that United Nations Secretary-General Antonio Guterres is not fit to lead the global body‚ citing Guterres’ failure to condemn Hamas for its brutal terrorist attacks on Israeli civilians. Guterres‚ heading up an organization in the grip of […]