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The ‘Big, Beautiful’ Question: What Does Trump Want in the Bill?
As the “big, beautiful” budget reconciliation bill moves to the Senate, one major question remains: What exactly does President Donald Trump want in it?
Trump has consistently pushed for the bill’s passage, despite saying he doesn’t view it as perfect.
“It’s an unbelievable bill,” Trump said in an Oval Office event with Elon Musk on Friday.
Passing the One Big Beautiful Bill means we get One Big Beautiful Tax Cut.Making President Trump's Tax Cuts and Jobs Act permanent will ensure American families can keep more money in their pockets for generations to come. IT'S TIME TO GET THIS DONE! ?????? pic.twitter.com/T1gHWb9GeP— RSC (@RepublicanStudy) May 30, 2025
He added that he would like to see some changes, such as deeper cuts to taxes, and possibly to spending, although he did not say that explicitly.
“There are things I’d like to see, maybe cut a little bit more. I’d like to see a bigger cut in taxes. It’s going to be the largest tax decrease or cut in the history of our country. I’d like to see it get down to an even lower number,” he said.
Beyond his core priorities of extending his first-term 2017 tax cuts and raising the debt ceiling to avoid a default on debt, Trump has mostly been happy to leave it to Congress to negotiate its way through a quagmire of issues.
Those issues include how aggressively Republicans want to reform Medicaid, as well as disagreements between leadership and fiscal hawks on overall deficit levels.
Trump has occasionally stepped in to draw red lines and encourage the speedy passage of the bill.
For example, before the bill’s passage through the House of Representatives, Trump told House members not to cut Medicaid, but to focus on waste, fraud, and abuse.
Different members have found a variety of ways to interpret that.
Sen. Josh Hawley, R-Mo. for example, took that to mean that House Republicans should cool their jets in implementing their cost-saving changes to the program.
“We ought to just do what the president says,” Hawley said after the House passed its bill.
No Republican should be supporting Medicaid benefit cuts – We’re the Party of the working class. Time to start acting like it pic.twitter.com/rPFhlQlqxR— Josh Hawley (@HawleyMO) May 14, 2025
That was after members of the conservative House Freedom Caucus appeared to take the same message from Trump as encouragement to continue fighting for a more thorough restructuring of the program.
“He said, ‘Stick to the waste, fraud, and abuse in Medicaid,’” Rep. Eric Burlison, R-Mo., told The Daily Signal after emerging from a House Republican Conference meeting with Trump before the bill passed.
“He’s right. Everyone agrees that there’s waste, fraud, and abuse. And I think it’s inappropriate for us to say we’re not going to touch it, and then leave all of this fraud that’s happening.”
All in all, Trump has been respectful in his second term of the way debates are being carried out in Congress.
For one thing, his second term is a vastly different situation from the first, in which a Republican-controlled Congress denied him a repeal of the Affordable Care Act and even the funding levels he requested for a border wall—his most iconic 2016 campaign promise.
Republicans were only able to break through this legislative gridlock to deliver a definitive win with the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act—passed shortly before Republicans handed over the speaker’s gavel to Rep. Nancy Pelosi, D-Calif.
Now, the political reality has changed, with Trump having delivered a resounding popular vote victory for Republicans and generally outperformed down-ballot candidates in November.
In short, Trump is the undeniable ideological leader of the GOP, and Congress is under much more pressure to find a legislative agreement to his liking.
Trump has allowed Congress to resolve many of its debates on its own in the 119th Congress. (Hu Yousong/Xinhua via Getty Images)
On Sunday, he offered some encouragement to the deficit-hawk wing of the party.
Trump praised Freedom Caucus members for lobbying for deeper spending cuts and encouraged the Senate to support their work.
“Congratulations to ALL on a job well done. Proud of you! Hopefully the Senate will be there with you!” he wrote.
The Senate presents its own challenges, some of which might test Trump’s patience.
Sen. Rand Paul, R-Ky., who voted against the Senate’s initial budget plan—which made possible the consideration of a budget reconciliation bill in the first place—is a likely “no” without major deficit reductions.
Sen. Ron Johnson, R-Wis., has called for a fresh start in the process, where Congress would split the bill into a multistep process in which both houses would work to make much deeper cuts.
Of the possibility of backlash from Trump over his reluctance to sign off on the bill, Johnson has said he “couldn’t care less if [Trump is] upset.”
GOP Senator Ron Johnson rips Trump's "Big, Beautiful Bill": "I couldn't care less if he's upset. I'm concerned about my children and grandchildren. $37 trillion in debt and we're going to add to it? There is no way I'm going to vote for this bill in its current form." pic.twitter.com/uTFyi7JK8m— TheBlaze (@theblaze) May 23, 2025
Meanwhile, there is also a large camp of Medicaid defenders, such as Hawley and Sen. Susan Collins, R-Maine, who could raise objections in the Senate.
Republicans, who hold a 53-47 Senate majority, can afford no more than three “no” votes within their ranks to pass this bill, though in the case of a 50-50 vote, Vice President JD Vance could cast the tie-breaking vote.
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