In the coming years, China and Roscosmos plan to create the International Lunar Research PStation (ILRSP), a permanent base in the Moon’s southern polar region. Construction of the base will begin with the delivery of the first surface elements by 2030 and is expected to last until about 2040. This base will rival NASA’s Artemis Program, which will include the creation of the Lunar Gateway in orbit around the Moon and the various surface elements that make up the Artemis Base Camp. In addition to the cost of building these facilities, there are many considerable challenges that need to be addressed first. Crews operating on the lunar surface for extended periods will require regular shipments of supplies. Unlike the International Space Station, which can be resupplied in a matter of hours, sending resupply spacecraft to the Moon will take about three days. As a result, NASA, China, and other space agencies are developing methods to harvest resources directly from the lunar environment – a process known as In-Situ Resource Utilization (ISRU). In a recent paper, a research team with the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) announced a new method for producing massive amounts of water through a reaction between lunar regolith and endogenous hydrogen. The research was conducted by Prof. Wang Junqiang and his team at the CAS Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering‘s (NIMTE) Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices. They were joined by colleagues from the Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering at the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences in Beijing. The paper that describes their process, “Massive Water Production from Lunar Ilmenite through Reaction with Endogenous Hydrogen,” recently appeared in the Chinese journal The Innovation. Ever since the Apollo missions brought samples of lunar rocks and soil back to Earth for analysis, scientists have known that there is abundant water on the Moon. These findings were confirmed by several subsequent robotic sample-return missions, including China’s Chang’e-5 mission. However, much of this water consists of hydroxyl (OH) created through the interaction of solar wind (ionized hydrogen) and elemental oxygen in the regolith. There is also plenty of water in the form of ice that can be found in permanent shadowed regions (PSRs), such as the craters that cover the South Pole-Aitken Basin. Unfortunately, lunar regolith contains very little hydroxyl that can be converted into water, ranging from 0.0001% to 0.02%. Moreover, the icy patches found in cratered regions are mixed with regolith, forming layers that extend beneath the surface. As such, extraction is a challenge regardless of where the water is coming from. After they examined the samples returned by the Chang’e-5 mission, the team led by Wang determined that the highest concentrations of water were contained in ilmenite (FeTiO3), a titanium-iron oxide mineral found in lunar regolith. According to the research team, this is due to “its unique lattice structure with sub-nanometer tunnels.” The team then conducted a series of in-situ heating experiments that revealed how hydrogen in lunar minerals could be used to produce water on the Moon. According to their study, the process consists of heating lunar regolith to temperatures exceeding 1,200 K (~930° C; 1700° F) with concave mirrors. This led to the formation of iron crystals and water bubbles in the material, the latter being released as water vapor. The chemical process is expressed mathematically as: FeO/Fe2O3 + H –> Fe + H2O. The resulting water vapor is then reclaimed at a rate of 51-76 mg of water for every gram of lunar soil. That works out to 50 liters (13.2 gallons) of water for every ton of processed regolith, enough to sustain 50 people daily. As the team noted in their paper, “[t]his amount is ~10,000 times the naturally occurring hydroxyl (OH) and H2O on the Moon.” In addition to drinking water, this process could provide the necessary irrigation water for growing crops, another important task for future lunar settlements to lessen their dependence on Earth. A map showing the permanently shadowed regions (blue) that cover about 3 percent of the Moon’s south pole. Credit: NASA Goddard/LRO This same process could be used to chemically separate hydrogen and oxygen gas from regolith, which could then be fashioned into propellant – liquid hydrogen (LH2) and liquid oxygen (LOX) – or used as fuel and for maintaining supplies of breathable oxygen. “Our findings suggest that the hydrogen retained in [lunar regolith] is a significant resource for obtaining H2O on the Moon, which is helpful for establishing scientific research stations on the Moon,” they conclude. Another benefit is that the process is driven almost entirely by focused sunlight, while solar arrays can provide the additional power that drives the retention process. The one limiting factor is that this process will only be possible during a lunar day in the southern polar region (where China, NASA, and the ESA plan to build their bases). This means that the facility could run for two weeks straight, followed by a two-week lull. However, this can be mitigated by stationing processing facilities away from the polar regions or possibly creating a network of solar mirrors or satellites that can direct light toward the southern polar region. In any case, this method presents a potential means of harvesting water on the Moon that is cost-effective compared to heating regolith in industrial furnaces and could be paired with ice extraction and processing to ensure future settlements have plenty of water. Further Reading: NIMTE, The Innovation The post Chinese Researchers Devise New Strategy for Producing Water on the Moon appeared first on Universe Today.

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Working out does increase testosterone (T) levels — but not all exercise is created equal. Moreover, if you’re trying to increase your testosterone levels, you may want to add other T level-boosting activities to your exercise program. Keep watching to learn about the link between exercise and T levels, what exercises will (and won’t) increase your T levels (testosterone booster excercises), and how you can naturally increase your T levels. Thanks for watching!! Schedule an appointment: https://www.renamalikmd.com/appointments Come back EVERY MONDAY & FRIDAY for a NEW video Rena Malik, MD is a urologist and pelvic surgeon on youtube to educate people about all things urology including erectile dysfunction, how to increase testosterone, problems with sex, premature ejaculation, urinary leakage, or incontinence, overactive bladder, urinary tract infections, prostate issues and more. Subscribe: https://www.youtube.com/c/RenaMalikMD... Share this video with a friend: • How to naturally increase testosteron... ------------------------------------------------------ Check out these Playlists: Penis Problems?! Erectile Dysfunction, Premature Ejaculation & More: https://bit.ly/3wwivzS Overactive Bladder Treatment: https://bit.ly/3hMzBoP How to Increase Testosterone: https://bit.ly/2T9QJKV All my REACTION videos: • Urologists React to Last Week Tonight... Reacting to Grey's Anatomy: • Urologist Reacts To Grey's Anatomy | ... ------------------------------------------------------ Sign up for my e-mail list and get more content from me: https://renamalikmd.beehiiv.com/subsc... Get your FREE OAB Guide: https://renamalikmd.com/oab-guide-2/ DOWNLOAD YOUR LIST OF BLADDER IRRITANTS https://renamalikmd.com/bladder-irrit... ----------------------------------------------------- Check out my Amazon storefront (affiliate links included): https://www.amazon.com/shop/renamalikm.d. Coupons & Discount codes (affiliate links included): http://www.renamalikmd.com/linktree ----------------------------------------------------- Let's Connect!: WEBSITE: http://www.renamalikmd.com I INSTAGRAM: @RenaMalikMD / renamalikmd TWITTER: @RenaMalikMD / renamalikmd FACEBOOK: @RenaMalikMD / renamalikmd TIKTOK: / renamalikmd LINKEDIN: / renadmalik PINTEREST: / renamalikmd ------------------------------------------------------ DISCLAIMER: This video is purely educational and does not constitute medical advice. The content of this video is my personal opinion and not that of my employer(s). Use of this information is at your own risk. Rena Malik, M.D. will not assume any liability for any direct or indirect losses or damages that may result from the use of the information contained in this video including but not limited to economic loss, injury, illness, or death.

Eggs are a super food. They are nutrient dense, with a low caloric overhead and inexpensive. If you can get local farm/pasture raised great. If all you can get are "organic" or "free range", OK, still very good. If all you can get are local supermarket white eggs, they are STILL a better alternative than most sources of protein on not only a nutritional basis but an economic one as well. UTL COMMENT:- That's why they are trying to kill off our chickens and take away our eggs.... (here in Australia anyway) with some BS 'Bird flu' scam virus.... BTW sorry for the clickbait front image.....that's not my design of course.... With thanks to https://www.youtube.com/@BasicStrength91

Last night Karl did a live deep dive into what is on the nasal swabs. He revealed a world of beauty, but the question is, is this microscopic world natural and healthy, or engineered and dangerous? Dr Nixon was supposed to show us his work, but we ran out of time so tonight he will return with astonishing and probably disturbing visuals from his explorations. And while the possibility of nano bots in the blood, is like an old story, it actually isn’t, because we are still here, MRNA Vaccine Factories are been built, now they are pushing MPOX again, and there is rumours that our Government has handed the WHO the power to vaccinate us against our will, and while all this is going on, on another front, in medications that are not related to the jabs, self-replicating (whatever they are) are still forming. So, how can we ask the relevant questions if we don’t take a peek at the evidence?